diff --git a/forwarder.go b/forwarder.go
index 7a57f96..080ae82 100644
--- a/forwarder.go
+++ b/forwarder.go
@@ -12,42 +12,71 @@ import (
 func ExtractDeviceIDFromBatchRaw(data string) string {
 	m := regexp.MustCompile(`([A-Za-z0-9]+)-\d+`).FindStringSubmatch(data)
 	if len(m) == 2 {
+		Logger.Printf("从原始数据提取到设备ID: %s", m[1])
 		return m[1]
 	}
+	Logger.Printf("未能从原始数据中提取设备ID，跳过转发")
 	return ""
 }
 
 // ForwardRawData 将原始数据转发到设备配置的 TCP 目标
 func ForwardRawData(deviceID string, raw string) error {
 	if deviceID == "" {
+		Logger.Printf("转发跳过：deviceID 为空")
 		return nil
 	}
+
 	dev, err := GetDevice(deviceID)
-	if err != nil || dev == nil {
+	if err != nil {
+		Logger.Printf("查询设备配置失败 deviceID=%s: %v", deviceID, err)
 		return err
 	}
+	if dev == nil {
+		Logger.Printf("未找到设备配置 deviceID=%s，跳过转发", deviceID)
+		return nil
+	}
 	if !dev.ForwardEnable {
+		Logger.Printf("设备未启用转发 deviceID=%s，跳过转发", deviceID)
 		return nil
 	}
 	if !dev.Host.Valid || dev.Host.String == "" || !dev.Port.Valid || dev.Port.Int64 <= 0 {
+		Logger.Printf("设备转发目标未配置完整 deviceID=%s host=%v port=%v，跳过转发", deviceID, dev.Host, dev.Port)
 		return nil
 	}
 
 	address := fmt.Sprintf("%s:%d", dev.Host.String, dev.Port.Int64)
+	Logger.Printf("准备连接转发目标 deviceID=%s addr=%s", deviceID, address)
+
 	conn, err := net.DialTimeout("tcp", address, 5*time.Second)
 	if err != nil {
+		Logger.Printf("连接转发目标失败 deviceID=%s addr=%s: %v", deviceID, address, err)
 		return err
 	}
 	defer conn.Close()
+	Logger.Printf("连接转发目标成功 deviceID=%s addr=%s", deviceID, address)
 
 	if dev.RegCodeHex.Valid && dev.RegCodeHex.String != "" {
 		bytes, decErr := hex.DecodeString(dev.RegCodeHex.String)
-		if decErr == nil {
-			_, _ = conn.Write(bytes)
+		if decErr != nil {
+			Logger.Printf("注册码HEX解码失败 deviceID=%s hex=%s: %v（将继续发送原始数据）", deviceID, dev.RegCodeHex.String, decErr)
+		} else {
+			Logger.Printf("发送注册码 deviceID=%s bytes=%d", deviceID, len(bytes))
+			if _, werr := conn.Write(bytes); werr != nil {
+				Logger.Printf("发送注册码失败 deviceID=%s: %v", deviceID, werr)
+				return werr
+			}
 			time.Sleep(1 * time.Second)
 		}
+	} else {
+		Logger.Printf("未配置注册码 deviceID=%s，直接发送原始数据", deviceID)
 	}
 
+	Logger.Printf("发送原始数据 deviceID=%s bytes=%d", deviceID, len(raw))
 	_, err = conn.Write([]byte(raw))
-	return err
+	if err != nil {
+		Logger.Printf("发送原始数据失败 deviceID=%s: %v", deviceID, err)
+		return err
+	}
+	Logger.Printf("完成转发 deviceID=%s", deviceID)
+	return nil
 }
diff --git a/udp_server.go b/udp_server.go
index 9e42595..cb73a83 100644
--- a/udp_server.go
+++ b/udp_server.go
@@ -58,6 +58,7 @@ func handleUDPPacket(conn *net.UDPConn, addr *net.UDPAddr, data []byte) {
 
 		// 尝试提取设备ID并透传原始数据
 		if deviceID := ExtractDeviceIDFromBatchRaw(rawData); deviceID != "" {
+			Logger.Printf("准备转发 deviceID=%s 原始长度=%d", deviceID, len(rawData))
 			go func(id string, payload string) {
 				if fErr := ForwardRawData(id, payload); fErr != nil {
 					Logger.Printf("转发设备 %s 数据失败: %v", id, fErr)
@@ -84,6 +85,7 @@ func handleUDPPacket(conn *net.UDPConn, addr *net.UDPAddr, data []byte) {
 			// 从原始字符串尝试提取设备ID并透传
 			if m := regexp.MustCompile(`([A-Za-z0-9]+)-\d+`).FindStringSubmatch(rawData); len(m) == 2 {
 				id := m[1]
+				Logger.Printf("准备转发 deviceID=%s 原始长度=%d", id, len(rawData))
 				go func(id string, payload string) {
 					if fErr := ForwardRawData(id, payload); fErr != nil {
 						Logger.Printf("转发设备 %s 数据失败: %v", id, fErr)