feat: 新增告警

feat: 新增一些辅助的代码
2025-12-05 09:22:23 +08:00 · 2025-12-03 11:30:13 +08:00
15 changed files with 2531 additions and 1 deletions
--- a/cmd/caiyun_parse/main.go
+++ b/cmd/caiyun_parse/main.go
@ -0,0 +1,279 @@
+package main
+
+import (
+	"bufio"
+	"encoding/csv"
+	"encoding/json"
+	"flag"
+	"fmt"
+	"io"
+	"os"
+	"sort"
+	"strings"
+	"time"
+)
+
+// Minimal Caiyun hourly model focusing on required fields.
+type caiyunHourly struct {
+	Status string `json:"status"`
+	Result struct {
+		Hourly struct {
+			Status      string     `json:"status"`
+			Temperature []valTime  `json:"temperature"`
+			Humidity    []valTime  `json:"humidity"`
+			Visibility  []valTime  `json:"visibility"`
+			Dswrf       []valTime  `json:"dswrf"`
+			Pressure    []valTime  `json:"pressure"`
+			Wind        []windTime `json:"wind"`
+		} `json:"hourly"`
+	} `json:"result"`
+}
+
+type valTime struct {
+	Datetime string  `json:"datetime"`
+	Value    float64 `json:"value"`
+}
+
+type windTime struct {
+	Datetime  string  `json:"datetime"`
+	Speed     float64 `json:"speed"`
+	Direction float64 `json:"direction"`
+}
+
+type row struct {
+	t           time.Time
+	temperature *float64
+	humidity    *float64
+	windSpeed   *float64
+	windDir     *float64
+	pressure    *float64
+	visibility  *float64
+	dswrf       *float64
+}
+
+func main() {
+	var file string
+	var tz string
+	var mode string
+	var alias string
+	var lat float64
+	var lon float64
+	var sqlTable string
+	flag.StringVar(&file, "file", "", "Path to Caiyun hourly JSON; if empty, read from stdin")
+	flag.StringVar(&tz, "tz", "Asia/Shanghai", "Timezone for output timestamps")
+	flag.StringVar(&mode, "mode", "csv", "Output mode: csv | sql")
+	flag.StringVar(&alias, "alias", "", "Station alias for SQL output (required for mode=sql)")
+	flag.Float64Var(&lat, "lat", 0, "Latitude for SQL output")
+	flag.Float64Var(&lon, "lon", 0, "Longitude for SQL output")
+	flag.StringVar(&sqlTable, "sqltable", "radar_weather", "SQL table name for inserts")
+	flag.Parse()
+
+	var r io.Reader
+	if file == "" {
+		r = bufio.NewReader(os.Stdin)
+	} else {
+		f, err := os.Open(file)
+		if err != nil {
+			fatalf("open file: %v", err)
+		}
+		defer f.Close()
+		r = f
+	}
+
+	var payload caiyunHourly
+	dec := json.NewDecoder(r)
+	if err := dec.Decode(&payload); err != nil {
+		fatalf("decode json: %v", err)
+	}
+	if strings.ToLower(payload.Status) != "ok" && payload.Status != "" {
+		fatalf("top-level status not ok: %s", payload.Status)
+	}
+
+	loc, _ := time.LoadLocation(tz)
+	if loc == nil {
+		loc = time.FixedZone("CST", 8*3600)
+	}
+
+	// Merge series by timestamp
+	rowsByTime := map[time.Time]*row{}
+	upsert := func(ts string) *row {
+		t, ok := parseTime(ts, loc)
+		if !ok {
+			fatalf("parse time failed: %s", ts)
+		}
+		if v, exists := rowsByTime[t]; exists {
+			return v
+		}
+		nr := &row{t: t}
+		rowsByTime[t] = nr
+		return nr
+	}
+
+	for _, v := range payload.Result.Hourly.Temperature {
+		rr := upsert(v.Datetime)
+		rr.temperature = ptr(v.Value)
+	}
+	for _, v := range payload.Result.Hourly.Humidity {
+		rr := upsert(v.Datetime)
+		rr.humidity = ptr(v.Value)
+	}
+	for _, v := range payload.Result.Hourly.Visibility {
+		rr := upsert(v.Datetime)
+		rr.visibility = ptr(v.Value)
+	}
+	for _, v := range payload.Result.Hourly.Dswrf {
+		rr := upsert(v.Datetime)
+		rr.dswrf = ptr(v.Value)
+	}
+	for _, v := range payload.Result.Hourly.Pressure {
+		rr := upsert(v.Datetime)
+		rr.pressure = ptr(v.Value)
+	}
+	for _, w := range payload.Result.Hourly.Wind {
+		rr := upsert(w.Datetime)
+		rr.windSpeed = ptr(w.Speed)
+		rr.windDir = ptr(w.Direction)
+	}
+
+	// Sort by time
+	times := make([]time.Time, 0, len(rowsByTime))
+	for t := range rowsByTime {
+		times = append(times, t)
+	}
+	sort.Slice(times, func(i, j int) bool { return times[i].Before(times[j]) })
+
+	if mode == "sql" {
+		if alias == "" {
+			fatalf("-alias is required for mode=sql")
+		}
+		// Emit upserts into radar_weather; convert wind_speed km/h -> m/s, keep humidity as ratio (0..1)
+		fmt.Println("BEGIN;")
+		for _, t := range times {
+			rr := rowsByTime[t]
+			// wind speed conversion
+			var ws string
+			if rr.windSpeed != nil {
+				v := *rr.windSpeed / 3.6
+				ws = trimZeros(fmt.Sprintf("%.6f", v))
+			}
+			// Build SQL with NULLs where missing
+			q := fmt.Sprintf(
+				"INSERT INTO %s (alias, lat, lon, dt, temperature, humidity, cloudrate, visibility, dswrf, wind_speed, wind_direction, pressure) "+
+					"VALUES (%s, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s, NULL, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s) "+
+					"ON CONFLICT (alias, dt) DO UPDATE SET "+
+					"lat=EXCLUDED.lat, lon=EXCLUDED.lon, temperature=EXCLUDED.temperature, humidity=EXCLUDED.humidity, "+
+					"visibility=EXCLUDED.visibility, dswrf=EXCLUDED.dswrf, wind_speed=EXCLUDED.wind_speed, "+
+					"wind_direction=EXCLUDED.wind_direction, pressure=EXCLUDED.pressure;",
+				sqlTable,
+				sqlQuote(alias),
+				sqlNum(lat),
+				sqlNum(lon),
+				sqlTime(t),
+				sqlOpt(rr.temperature),
+				sqlOpt(rr.humidity),
+				sqlOpt(rr.visibility),
+				sqlOpt(rr.dswrf),
+				sqlStrOrNull(ws),
+				sqlOpt(rr.windDir),
+				sqlOpt(rr.pressure),
+			)
+			fmt.Println(q)
+		}
+		fmt.Println("COMMIT;")
+		return
+	}
+
+	// CSV output
+	w := csv.NewWriter(os.Stdout)
+	_ = w.Write([]string{"datetime", "temperature", "humidity", "wind_speed", "wind_direction", "pressure", "visibility", "dswrf"})
+	for _, t := range times {
+		rr := rowsByTime[t]
+		var ws string
+		if rr.windSpeed != nil {
+			v := *rr.windSpeed / 3.6
+			ws = trimZeros(fmt.Sprintf("%.6f", v))
+		}
+		rec := []string{
+			t.Format("2006-01-02 15:04:05"),
+			optf(rr.temperature),
+			optf(rr.humidity),
+			ws,
+			optf(rr.windDir),
+			optf(rr.pressure),
+			optf(rr.visibility),
+			optf(rr.dswrf),
+		}
+		_ = w.Write(rec)
+	}
+	w.Flush()
+	if err := w.Error(); err != nil {
+		fatalf("write csv: %v", err)
+	}
+}
+
+func ptr(f float64) *float64 { return &f }
+
+func optf(p *float64) string {
+	if p == nil {
+		return ""
+	}
+	// Trim trailing zeros via fmt
+	return trimZeros(fmt.Sprintf("%.6f", *p))
+}
+
+func trimZeros(s string) string {
+	if !strings.Contains(s, ".") {
+		return s
+	}
+	s = strings.TrimRight(s, "0")
+	s = strings.TrimRight(s, ".")
+	return s
+}
+
+// parseTime attempts RFC3339 and common Caiyun formats without seconds.
+func parseTime(s string, loc *time.Location) (time.Time, bool) {
+	// Try RFC3339 first
+	if t, err := time.Parse(time.RFC3339, s); err == nil {
+		return t.In(loc), true
+	}
+	// Try without seconds, with offset, e.g. 2006-01-02T15:04+08:00
+	if t, err := time.Parse("2006-01-02T15:04-07:00", s); err == nil {
+		return t.In(loc), true
+	}
+	// Try without offset (assume loc)
+	if t, err := time.ParseInLocation("2006-01-02 15:04", s, loc); err == nil {
+		return t.In(loc), true
+	}
+	return time.Time{}, false
+}
+
+func fatalf(format string, args ...any) {
+	fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, format+"\n", args...)
+	os.Exit(1)
+}
+
+func sqlQuote(s string) string {
+	return "'" + strings.ReplaceAll(s, "'", "''") + "'"
+}
+
+func sqlNum(f float64) string {
+	return trimZeros(fmt.Sprintf("%.8f", f))
+}
+
+func sqlTime(t time.Time) string {
+	return sqlQuote(t.Format("2006-01-02 15:04:05"))
+}
+
+func sqlOpt(p *float64) string {
+	if p == nil {
+		return "NULL"
+	}
+	return trimZeros(fmt.Sprintf("%.6f", *p))
+}
+
+func sqlStrOrNull(s string) string {
+	if s == "" {
+		return "NULL"
+	}
+	return s
+}
--- a/cmd/radar_export_csv/main.go
+++ b/cmd/radar_export_csv/main.go
@ -0,0 +1,448 @@
+package main
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"database/sql"
+	"encoding/binary"
+	"encoding/csv"
+	"errors"
+	"flag"
+	"fmt"
+	"log"
+	"math"
+	"os"
+	"strings"
+	"time"
+	"weatherstation/internal/database"
+)
+
+type stationInfo struct {
+	ID    string
+	Alias string
+	Lat   float64
+	Lon   float64
+	Z     int
+	Y     int
+	X     int
+}
+
+type tileRec struct {
+	DT            time.Time
+	Width, Height int
+	West, South   float64
+	East, North   float64
+	ResDeg        float64
+	Data          []byte
+}
+
+func main() {
+	var stationID string
+	var startStr string
+	var endStr string
+	var outPath string
+	var verbose bool
+
+	flag.StringVar(&stationID, "station_id", "", "站点ID（留空表示全部WH65LP且有经纬度的站）")
+	flag.StringVar(&startStr, "start", "", "起始时间（YYYY-MM-DD HH:MM:SS，CST）")
+	flag.StringVar(&endStr, "end", "", "结束时间（YYYY-MM-DD HH:MM:SS，CST）")
+	flag.StringVar(&outPath, "out", "radar_stats.csv", "输出CSV文件路径")
+	flag.BoolVar(&verbose, "info", false, "输出详细过程信息")
+	flag.Parse()
+
+	if strings.TrimSpace(startStr) == "" || strings.TrimSpace(endStr) == "" {
+		log.Fatalln("必须提供 --start 与 --end，格式 YYYY-MM-DD HH:MM:SS")
+	}
+	loc, _ := time.LoadLocation("Asia/Shanghai")
+	if loc == nil {
+		loc = time.FixedZone("CST", 8*3600)
+	}
+	startT, err := time.ParseInLocation("2006-01-02 15:04:05", startStr, loc)
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Fatalf("解析 start 失败: %v", err)
+	}
+	endT, err := time.ParseInLocation("2006-01-02 15:04:05", endStr, loc)
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Fatalf("解析 end 失败: %v", err)
+	}
+	if !endT.After(startT) {
+		log.Fatalln("结束时间必须大于起始时间")
+	}
+
+	// 初始化数据库
+	_ = database.GetDB()
+	defer database.Close()
+
+	// 获取站点列表
+	stations, err := listStations(database.GetDB(), stationID)
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Fatalf("查询站点失败: %v", err)
+	}
+	if len(stations) == 0 {
+		log.Fatalln("没有符合条件的站点")
+	}
+	if verbose {
+		log.Printf("站点数量: %d", len(stations))
+		for _, s := range stations {
+			log.Printf("站点: id=%s alias=%s lat=%.5f lon=%.5f z/y/x=%d/%d/%d", s.ID, s.Alias, s.Lat, s.Lon, s.Z, s.Y, s.X)
+		}
+	}
+
+	// 创建CSV
+	f, err := os.Create(outPath)
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Fatalf("创建输出文件失败: %v", err)
+	}
+	defer f.Close()
+	w := csv.NewWriter(f)
+	defer w.Flush()
+
+	header := []string{
+		"station_id", "station_alias", "dt", "lat", "lon", "wind_speed_ms", "wind_dir_deg",
+		"sector_ge40_cnt", "sector_ge40_sum", "sector_ge30_cnt", "sector_ge30_sum",
+		"circle_ge40_cnt", "circle_ge40_sum", "circle_ge30_cnt", "circle_ge30_sum",
+		"rs485_rain_total_mm",
+	}
+	if err := w.Write(header); err != nil {
+		log.Fatalf("写入CSV表头失败: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	ctx := context.Background()
+	totalRows := 0
+	var totalTiles, skipNoZYX, skipNoWind, skipDecode int
+	for _, s := range stations {
+		if s.Z == 0 && s.Y == 0 && s.X == 0 {
+			log.Printf("跳过站点 %s（无z/y/x映射）", s.ID)
+			skipNoZYX++
+			continue
+		}
+		tiles, err := listTiles(ctx, database.GetDB(), s.Z, s.Y, s.X, startT, endT)
+		if err != nil {
+			log.Printf("查询瓦片失败 station=%s: %v", s.ID, err)
+			continue
+		}
+		totalTiles += len(tiles)
+		if verbose {
+			log.Printf("站点 %s 瓦片数量: %d", s.ID, len(tiles))
+		}
+		if len(tiles) == 0 {
+			log.Printf("站点 %s 在范围内无瓦片", s.ID)
+		}
+
+		for _, t := range tiles {
+			// 10分钟向下取整时间（bucket）
+			bucket := bucket10(t.DT, loc)
+			// NOTE: 按需改为用 station_id 匹配 radar_weather.alias
+			windSpeed, windDir, ok, err := loadWindAt(database.GetDB(), s.ID, bucket)
+			if err != nil {
+				log.Printf("读取风失败 %s @%s: %v", s.ID, t.DT.Format(time.RFC3339), err)
+				continue
+			}
+			if !ok { // 无风场：跳过该时次
+				skipNoWind++
+				if verbose {
+					log.Printf("跳过: %s 瓦片@%s（桶=%s）在 radar_weather(alias=%s) 无记录", s.ID, t.DT.In(loc).Format("2006-01-02 15:04:05"), bucket.Format("2006-01-02 15:04:05"), s.ID)
+				}
+				continue
+			}
+
+			// 解码 dBZ 网格
+			vals, xs, ys, err := decodeTile(t)
+			if err != nil {
+				log.Printf("解码瓦片失败 %s @%s: %v", s.ID, t.DT.Format(time.RFC3339), err)
+				skipDecode++
+				continue
+			}
+
+			// 统计
+			sec40Cnt, sec40Sum, sec30Cnt, sec30Sum,
+				cir40Cnt, cir40Sum, cir30Cnt, cir30Sum := computeStats(vals, xs, ys, s.Lat, s.Lon, windSpeed, windDir)
+
+			// 最近一条累计雨量
+			rainTotal, rainOK := loadNearestRain(database.GetDB(), s.ID, t.DT)
+			if verbose {
+				log.Printf("写出: %s dt=%s wind=%.3f m/s %.1f° 扇形(>=40:%d/%.1f >=30:%d/%.1f) 圆形(>=40:%d/%.1f >=30:%d/%.1f) rain_total=%v(%.3f)",
+					s.ID,
+					t.DT.In(loc).Format("2006-01-02 15:04:05"),
+					windSpeed, windDir,
+					sec40Cnt, sec40Sum, sec30Cnt, sec30Sum,
+					cir40Cnt, cir40Sum, cir30Cnt, cir30Sum,
+					rainOK, rainTotal,
+				)
+			}
+
+			rec := []string{
+				s.ID,
+				s.Alias,
+				t.DT.In(loc).Format("2006-01-02 15:04:05"),
+				fmt.Sprintf("%.6f", s.Lat),
+				fmt.Sprintf("%.6f", s.Lon),
+				fmt.Sprintf("%.3f", windSpeed),
+				fmt.Sprintf("%.2f", windDir),
+				fmt.Sprintf("%d", sec40Cnt),
+				fmt.Sprintf("%.1f", sec40Sum),
+				fmt.Sprintf("%d", sec30Cnt),
+				fmt.Sprintf("%.1f", sec30Sum),
+				fmt.Sprintf("%d", cir40Cnt),
+				fmt.Sprintf("%.1f", cir40Sum),
+				fmt.Sprintf("%d", cir30Cnt),
+				fmt.Sprintf("%.1f", cir30Sum),
+				fmt.Sprintf("%.3f", rainTotal),
+			}
+			if err := w.Write(rec); err != nil {
+				log.Printf("写入CSV失败: %v", err)
+			}
+			totalRows++
+		}
+	}
+	w.Flush()
+	if err := w.Error(); err != nil {
+		log.Fatalf("写入CSV失败: %v", err)
+	}
+	if verbose {
+		log.Printf("汇总: 站点数=%d 瓦片总数=%d 跳过(无z/y/x)=%d 跳过(无风)=%d 跳过(解码失败)=%d", len(stations), totalTiles, skipNoZYX, skipNoWind, skipDecode)
+	}
+	log.Printf("完成，输出 %d 行到 %s", totalRows, outPath)
+}
+
+func listStations(db *sql.DB, stationID string) ([]stationInfo, error) {
+	// 与前端一致：device_type='WH65LP' 且 lat/lon 非空且非零
+	if strings.TrimSpace(stationID) != "" {
+		const q = `
+            SELECT station_id,
+                   CASE WHEN COALESCE(station_alias,'')='' THEN station_id ELSE station_alias END AS alias,
+                   latitude, longitude,
+                   COALESCE(z,0), COALESCE(y,0), COALESCE(x,0)
+            FROM stations
+            WHERE device_type='WH65LP' AND station_id=$1
+              AND latitude IS NOT NULL AND longitude IS NOT NULL
+              AND latitude<>0 AND longitude<>0`
+		var s stationInfo
+		err := db.QueryRow(q, stationID).Scan(&s.ID, &s.Alias, &s.Lat, &s.Lon, &s.Z, &s.Y, &s.X)
+		if err != nil {
+			if errors.Is(err, sql.ErrNoRows) {
+				return nil, nil
+			}
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		return []stationInfo{s}, nil
+	}
+	const qAll = `
+        SELECT station_id,
+               CASE WHEN COALESCE(station_alias,'')='' THEN station_id ELSE station_alias END AS alias,
+               latitude, longitude,
+               COALESCE(z,0), COALESCE(y,0), COALESCE(x,0)
+        FROM stations
+        WHERE device_type='WH65LP'
+          AND latitude IS NOT NULL AND longitude IS NOT NULL
+          AND latitude<>0 AND longitude<>0
+        ORDER BY station_id`
+	rows, err := db.Query(qAll)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	defer rows.Close()
+	var out []stationInfo
+	for rows.Next() {
+		var s stationInfo
+		if err := rows.Scan(&s.ID, &s.Alias, &s.Lat, &s.Lon, &s.Z, &s.Y, &s.X); err == nil {
+			out = append(out, s)
+		}
+	}
+	return out, nil
+}
+
+func listTiles(ctx context.Context, db *sql.DB, z, y, x int, from, to time.Time) ([]tileRec, error) {
+	const q = `
+        SELECT dt, width, height, west, south, east, north, res_deg, data
+        FROM radar_tiles
+        WHERE z=$1 AND y=$2 AND x=$3 AND dt BETWEEN $4 AND $5
+        ORDER BY dt ASC`
+	rows, err := db.QueryContext(ctx, q, z, y, x, from, to)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	defer rows.Close()
+	var out []tileRec
+	for rows.Next() {
+		var r tileRec
+		if err := rows.Scan(&r.DT, &r.Width, &r.Height, &r.West, &r.South, &r.East, &r.North, &r.ResDeg, &r.Data); err == nil {
+			out = append(out, r)
+		}
+	}
+	return out, nil
+}
+
+func bucket10(t time.Time, loc *time.Location) time.Time {
+	tt := t.In(loc)
+	m := (tt.Minute() / 10) * 10
+	return time.Date(tt.Year(), tt.Month(), tt.Day(), tt.Hour(), m, 0, 0, loc)
+}
+
+// loadWindAt 以别名(alias)精确匹配 radar_weather；本导出按需传入 station_id 作为 alias 参数
+func loadWindAt(db *sql.DB, alias string, dt time.Time) (speedMS float64, dirDeg float64, ok bool, err error) {
+	const q = `
+        SELECT wind_speed, wind_direction
+        FROM radar_weather
+        WHERE alias=$1 AND dt=$2
+        LIMIT 1`
+	var s, d sql.NullFloat64
+	err = db.QueryRow(q, alias, dt).Scan(&s, &d)
+	if err == sql.ErrNoRows {
+		return 0, 0, false, nil
+	}
+	if err != nil {
+		return 0, 0, false, err
+	}
+	if !s.Valid || !d.Valid {
+		return 0, 0, false, nil
+	}
+	return s.Float64, d.Float64, true, nil
+}
+
+func loadNearestRain(db *sql.DB, stationID string, dt time.Time) (rainTotal float64, ok bool) {
+	// 取最近一条累计雨量（单位mm）。如不存在返回0,false
+	const q = `
+        SELECT rainfall
+        FROM rs485_weather_data
+        WHERE station_id=$1
+        ORDER BY ABS(EXTRACT(EPOCH FROM (timestamp - $2))) ASC
+        LIMIT 1`
+	var r sql.NullFloat64
+	if err := db.QueryRow(q, stationID, dt).Scan(&r); err != nil {
+		return 0, false
+	}
+	if !r.Valid {
+		return 0, false
+	}
+	return r.Float64, true
+}
+
+func decodeTile(t tileRec) (vals [][]*float64, xs []float64, ys []float64, err error) {
+	w, h := t.Width, t.Height
+	if w <= 0 || h <= 0 {
+		return nil, nil, nil, fmt.Errorf("非法尺寸")
+	}
+	if len(t.Data) < w*h*2 {
+		return nil, nil, nil, fmt.Errorf("数据长度不足")
+	}
+	xs = make([]float64, w)
+	for c := 0; c < w; c++ {
+		xs[c] = t.West + (float64(c)+0.5)*t.ResDeg
+	}
+	ys = make([]float64, h)
+	for r := 0; r < h; r++ {
+		ys[r] = t.South + (float64(r)+0.5)*t.ResDeg
+	}
+	vals = make([][]*float64, h)
+	off := 0
+	for r := 0; r < h; r++ {
+		row := make([]*float64, w)
+		for c := 0; c < w; c++ {
+			v := int16(binary.BigEndian.Uint16(t.Data[off : off+2]))
+			off += 2
+			if v >= 32766 {
+				row[c] = nil
+				continue
+			}
+			dbz := float64(v) / 10.0
+			if dbz < 0 {
+				dbz = 0
+			} else if dbz > 75 {
+				dbz = 75
+			}
+			vv := dbz
+			row[c] = &vv
+		}
+		vals[r] = row
+	}
+	return vals, xs, ys, nil
+}
+
+func computeStats(vals [][]*float64, xs, ys []float64, stLat, stLon, windMS, windFromDeg float64) (
+	sec40Cnt int, sec40Sum float64, sec30Cnt int, sec30Sum float64,
+	cir40Cnt int, cir40Sum float64, cir30Cnt int, cir30Sum float64,
+) {
+	h := len(vals)
+	if h == 0 {
+		return
+	}
+	w := len(vals[0])
+	// 半径（米）与半角
+	halfAngle := 30.0
+	rangeM := windMS * 3 * 3600
+	circleR := 8000.0
+
+	for r := 0; r < h; r++ {
+		lat := ys[r]
+		row := vals[r]
+		for c := 0; c < w; c++ {
+			if row[c] == nil {
+				continue
+			}
+			dbz := *row[c]
+			lon := xs[c]
+			dist := haversine(stLat, stLon, lat, lon)
+
+			// 8km 圆
+			if dist <= circleR {
+				if dbz >= 40 {
+					cir40Cnt++
+					cir40Sum += dbz
+				}
+				if dbz >= 30 {
+					cir30Cnt++
+					cir30Sum += dbz
+				}
+			}
+
+			// 扇形（需同时满足距离与角度）
+			if dist <= rangeM {
+				brg := bearingDeg(stLat, stLon, lat, lon)
+				if angDiff(brg, windFromDeg) <= halfAngle {
+					if dbz >= 40 {
+						sec40Cnt++
+						sec40Sum += dbz
+					}
+					if dbz >= 30 {
+						sec30Cnt++
+						sec30Sum += dbz
+					}
+				}
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	return
+}
+
+func toRad(d float64) float64 { return d * math.Pi / 180 }
+func toDeg(r float64) float64 { return r * 180 / math.Pi }
+
+func haversine(lat1, lon1, lat2, lon2 float64) float64 {
+	const R = 6371000.0
+	dLat := toRad(lat2 - lat1)
+	dLon := toRad(lon2 - lon1)
+	a := math.Sin(dLat/2)*math.Sin(dLat/2) + math.Cos(toRad(lat1))*math.Cos(toRad(lat2))*math.Sin(dLon/2)*math.Sin(dLon/2)
+	c := 2 * math.Atan2(math.Sqrt(a), math.Sqrt(1-a))
+	return R * c
+}
+
+func bearingDeg(lat1, lon1, lat2, lon2 float64) float64 {
+	φ1 := toRad(lat1)
+	φ2 := toRad(lat2)
+	Δλ := toRad(lon2 - lon1)
+	y := math.Sin(Δλ) * math.Cos(φ2)
+	x := math.Cos(φ1)*math.Sin(φ2) - math.Sin(φ1)*math.Cos(φ2)*math.Cos(Δλ)
+	brg := toDeg(math.Atan2(y, x))
+	if brg < 0 {
+		brg += 360
+	}
+	return brg
+}
+
+func angDiff(a, b float64) float64 {
+	d := math.Mod(a-b+540, 360) - 180
+	if d < 0 {
+		d = -d
+	}
+	return math.Abs(d)
+}
--- a/cmd/radar_rain_export_csv/main.go
+++ b/cmd/radar_rain_export_csv/main.go
@ -0,0 +1,553 @@
+package main
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"database/sql"
+	"encoding/binary"
+	"encoding/csv"
+	"errors"
+	"flag"
+	"fmt"
+	"log"
+	"math"
+	"os"
+	"strings"
+	"time"
+
+	"weatherstation/internal/database"
+)
+
+type stationInfo struct {
+	ID    string
+	Alias string
+	Lat   float64
+	Lon   float64
+	Z     int
+	Y     int
+	X     int
+}
+
+type tileRec struct {
+	DT            time.Time
+	Width, Height int
+	West, South   float64
+	East, North   float64
+	ResDeg        float64
+	Data          []byte
+}
+
+func main() {
+	var stationID string
+	var startStr string
+	var endStr string
+	var outPath string
+	var verbose bool
+	var useImdroid bool
+
+	flag.StringVar(&stationID, "station_id", "", "站点ID（留空表示全部符合条件的站）")
+	flag.StringVar(&startStr, "start", "", "起始时间（YYYY-MM-DD HH:MM:SS，CST，表示区间左端点）")
+	flag.StringVar(&endStr, "end", "", "结束时间（YYYY-MM-DD HH:MM:SS，CST，表示区间左端点，非包含）")
+	flag.StringVar(&outPath, "out", "radar_hourly_stats.csv", "输出CSV文件路径")
+	flag.BoolVar(&verbose, "info", false, "输出详细过程信息")
+	flag.BoolVar(&useImdroid, "use_imdroid", false, "输出 imdroid 预报（右端点）")
+	flag.Parse()
+
+	if strings.TrimSpace(startStr) == "" || strings.TrimSpace(endStr) == "" {
+		log.Fatalln("必须提供 --start 与 --end，格式 YYYY-MM-DD HH:MM:SS")
+	}
+	loc, _ := time.LoadLocation("Asia/Shanghai")
+	if loc == nil {
+		loc = time.FixedZone("CST", 8*3600)
+	}
+	startT, err := time.ParseInLocation("2006-01-02 15:04:05", startStr, loc)
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Fatalf("解析 start 失败: %v", err)
+	}
+	endT, err := time.ParseInLocation("2006-01-02 15:04:05", endStr, loc)
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Fatalf("解析 end 失败: %v", err)
+	}
+	if !endT.After(startT) {
+		log.Fatalln("结束时间必须大于起始时间")
+	}
+
+	_ = database.GetDB()
+	defer database.Close()
+
+	stations, err := listStations(database.GetDB(), stationID)
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Fatalf("查询站点失败: %v", err)
+	}
+	if len(stations) == 0 {
+		log.Fatalln("没有符合条件的站点")
+	}
+	if verbose {
+		log.Printf("站点数量: %d", len(stations))
+		for _, s := range stations {
+			log.Printf("站点: id=%s alias=%s lat=%.5f lon=%.5f z/y/x=%d/%d/%d", s.ID, s.Alias, s.Lat, s.Lon, s.Z, s.Y, s.X)
+		}
+	}
+
+	f, err := os.Create(outPath)
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Fatalf("创建输出文件失败: %v", err)
+	}
+	defer f.Close()
+	w := csv.NewWriter(f)
+	defer w.Flush()
+
+	header := []string{
+		"station_id",
+		"station_alias",
+		"hour_end",
+		"rain_actual_mm",
+		"wind_speed_ms",
+		"wind_dir_deg",
+		"openmeteo_rain_mm",
+		"openmeteo_issued",
+		"caiyun_rain_mm",
+		"caiyun_issued",
+	}
+	if useImdroid {
+		header = append(header, "imdroid_rain_mm", "imdroid_issued")
+	}
+	header = append(header, "radar_circle_max_dbz", "radar_sector_max_dbz")
+	if err := w.Write(header); err != nil {
+		log.Fatalf("写入CSV表头失败: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	ctx := context.Background()
+	totalRows := 0
+	hours := buildHourSlots(startT, endT)
+
+	for _, s := range stations {
+		if verbose {
+			log.Printf("处理站点 %s，共 %d 个小时区间", s.ID, len(hours))
+		}
+		for _, slot := range hours {
+			actual, windSpeed, windDir, hasObs, err := aggregateHourlyObs(ctx, database.GetDB(), s.ID, slot.from, slot.to)
+			if err != nil {
+				log.Printf("站点 %s 聚合观测失败 @%s: %v", s.ID, slot.to.Format(time.RFC3339), err)
+				continue
+			}
+
+			openRain, openIssued, hasOpen, err := findLatestForecast(ctx, database.GetDB(), s.ID, "open-meteo", slot.to)
+			if err != nil {
+				log.Printf("站点 %s 读取 open-meteo 预报失败 @%s: %v", s.ID, slot.to.Format(time.RFC3339), err)
+			}
+			caiyunRain, caiyunIssued, hasCaiyun, err := findLatestForecast(ctx, database.GetDB(), s.ID, "caiyun", slot.to)
+			if err != nil {
+				log.Printf("站点 %s 读取 caiyun 预报失败 @%s: %v", s.ID, slot.to.Format(time.RFC3339), err)
+			}
+
+			var (
+				imdroidRain   float64
+				imdroidIssued time.Time
+				hasImdroid    bool
+			)
+			if useImdroid {
+				var errImdroid error
+				imdroidRain, imdroidIssued, hasImdroid, errImdroid = findLatestForecast(ctx, database.GetDB(), s.ID, "imdroid", slot.to)
+				if errImdroid != nil {
+					log.Printf("站点 %s 读取 imdroid 预报失败 @%s: %v", s.ID, slot.to.Format(time.RFC3339), errImdroid)
+				}
+			}
+
+			circleMax, sectorMax, hasRadar, err := hourlyRadarMax(ctx, database.GetDB(), s, slot.from, slot.to, loc, verbose)
+			if err != nil {
+				log.Printf("站点 %s 统计雷达失败 @%s: %v", s.ID, slot.to.Format(time.RFC3339), err)
+			}
+
+			rec := []string{
+				s.ID,
+				s.Alias,
+				slot.to.Format("2006-01-02 15:04:05"),
+				formatFloat(actual, hasObs, 3),
+				formatFloat(windSpeed, hasObs && !math.IsNaN(windSpeed), 3),
+				formatFloat(windDir, hasObs && !math.IsNaN(windDir), 1),
+				formatFloat(openRain, hasOpen, 3),
+				formatTime(openIssued, hasOpen),
+				formatFloat(caiyunRain, hasCaiyun, 3),
+				formatTime(caiyunIssued, hasCaiyun),
+			}
+			if useImdroid {
+				rec = append(rec,
+					formatFloat(imdroidRain, hasImdroid, 3),
+					formatTime(imdroidIssued, hasImdroid),
+				)
+			}
+			rec = append(rec,
+				formatFloat(circleMax, hasRadar && !math.IsNaN(circleMax), 1),
+				formatFloat(sectorMax, hasRadar && !math.IsNaN(sectorMax), 1),
+			)
+			if err := w.Write(rec); err != nil {
+				log.Printf("写入CSV失败: %v", err)
+			} else {
+				totalRows++
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	w.Flush()
+	if err := w.Error(); err != nil {
+		log.Fatalf("写入CSV失败: %v", err)
+	}
+	log.Printf("完成，输出 %d 行到 %s", totalRows, outPath)
+}
+
+type hourSlot struct {
+	from time.Time
+	to   time.Time
+}
+
+func buildHourSlots(from, to time.Time) []hourSlot {
+	var slots []hourSlot
+	cursor := from
+	for cursor.Before(to) {
+		end := cursor.Add(time.Hour)
+		if end.After(to) {
+			end = to
+		}
+		slots = append(slots, hourSlot{from: cursor, to: end})
+		cursor = end
+	}
+	return slots
+}
+
+func listStations(db *sql.DB, stationID string) ([]stationInfo, error) {
+	if strings.TrimSpace(stationID) != "" {
+		const q = `
+            SELECT station_id,
+                   CASE WHEN COALESCE(station_alias,'')='' THEN station_id ELSE station_alias END AS alias,
+                   latitude, longitude,
+                   COALESCE(z,0), COALESCE(y,0), COALESCE(x,0)
+            FROM stations
+            WHERE station_id=$1
+              AND latitude IS NOT NULL AND longitude IS NOT NULL
+              AND latitude<>0 AND longitude<>0
+              AND COALESCE(z,0)=7 AND COALESCE(y,0)=40 AND COALESCE(x,0)=102`
+		var s stationInfo
+		err := db.QueryRow(q, stationID).Scan(&s.ID, &s.Alias, &s.Lat, &s.Lon, &s.Z, &s.Y, &s.X)
+		if err != nil {
+			if errors.Is(err, sql.ErrNoRows) {
+				return nil, nil
+			}
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		return []stationInfo{s}, nil
+	}
+	const qAll = `
+        SELECT station_id,
+               CASE WHEN COALESCE(station_alias,'')='' THEN station_id ELSE station_alias END AS alias,
+               latitude, longitude,
+               COALESCE(z,0), COALESCE(y,0), COALESCE(x,0)
+        FROM stations
+        WHERE device_type='WH65LP'
+          AND latitude IS NOT NULL AND longitude IS NOT NULL
+          AND latitude<>0 AND longitude<>0
+          AND COALESCE(z,0)=7 AND COALESCE(y,0)=40 AND COALESCE(x,0)=102
+        ORDER BY station_id`
+	rows, err := db.Query(qAll)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	defer rows.Close()
+	var out []stationInfo
+	for rows.Next() {
+		var s stationInfo
+		if err := rows.Scan(&s.ID, &s.Alias, &s.Lat, &s.Lon, &s.Z, &s.Y, &s.X); err == nil {
+			out = append(out, s)
+		}
+	}
+	return out, nil
+}
+
+func aggregateHourlyObs(ctx context.Context, db *sql.DB, stationID string, from, to time.Time) (rain float64, windSpeed float64, windDir float64, ok bool, err error) {
+	const q = `
+        SELECT wind_speed_ms_x1000, wind_dir_deg, rain_10m_mm_x1000
+        FROM rs485_weather_10min
+        WHERE station_id=$1 AND bucket_start >= $2 AND bucket_start < $3`
+	rows, err := db.QueryContext(ctx, q, stationID, from, to)
+	if err != nil {
+		return 0, 0, 0, false, err
+	}
+	defer rows.Close()
+
+	var totalRain int64
+	var count int
+	var sumX, sumY float64
+
+	for rows.Next() {
+		var ws sql.NullInt64
+		var wd sql.NullInt64
+		var rainX sql.NullInt64
+		if err := rows.Scan(&ws, &wd, &rainX); err != nil {
+			return 0, 0, 0, false, err
+		}
+		if rainX.Valid {
+			totalRain += rainX.Int64
+		}
+		if ws.Valid && wd.Valid {
+			speed := float64(ws.Int64) / 1000.0
+			dir := float64(wd.Int64)
+			rad := toRad(dir)
+			sumX += speed * math.Cos(rad)
+			sumY += speed * math.Sin(rad)
+			count++
+		}
+	}
+	if err := rows.Err(); err != nil {
+		return 0, 0, 0, false, err
+	}
+
+	rain = float64(totalRain) / 1000.0
+	windSpeed = math.NaN()
+	windDir = math.NaN()
+	if count > 0 {
+		avgX := sumX / float64(count)
+		avgY := sumY / float64(count)
+		windSpeed = math.Hypot(avgX, avgY)
+		if windSpeed == 0 {
+			windDir = 0
+		} else {
+			dir := toDeg(math.Atan2(avgY, avgX))
+			if dir < 0 {
+				dir += 360
+			}
+			windDir = dir
+		}
+		ok = true
+	}
+	return rain, windSpeed, windDir, totalRain > 0 || count > 0, nil
+}
+
+func findLatestForecast(ctx context.Context, db *sql.DB, stationID, provider string, forecastTime time.Time) (rain float64, issued time.Time, ok bool, err error) {
+	const q = `
+        SELECT issued_at, rain_mm_x1000
+        FROM forecast_hourly
+        WHERE station_id=$1 AND provider=$2 AND forecast_time=$3
+        ORDER BY issued_at DESC
+        LIMIT 1`
+	var issuedAt time.Time
+	var rainX sql.NullInt64
+	err = db.QueryRowContext(ctx, q, stationID, provider, forecastTime).Scan(&issuedAt, &rainX)
+	if err != nil {
+		if errors.Is(err, sql.ErrNoRows) {
+			return 0, time.Time{}, false, nil
+		}
+		return 0, time.Time{}, false, err
+	}
+	if !rainX.Valid {
+		return 0, issuedAt, true, nil
+	}
+	return float64(rainX.Int64) / 1000.0, issuedAt, true, nil
+}
+
+func hourlyRadarMax(ctx context.Context, db *sql.DB, s stationInfo, from, to time.Time, loc *time.Location, verbose bool) (circleMax float64, sectorMax float64, ok bool, err error) {
+	tiles, err := listTiles(ctx, db, s.Z, s.Y, s.X, from, to)
+	if err != nil {
+		return math.NaN(), math.NaN(), false, err
+	}
+	if len(tiles) == 0 {
+		return math.NaN(), math.NaN(), false, nil
+	}
+	circleMax = math.NaN()
+	sectorMax = math.NaN()
+	alias := strings.TrimSpace(s.Alias)
+	if alias == "" {
+		alias = s.ID
+	}
+
+	for _, t := range tiles {
+		bucket := bucket10(t.DT, loc)
+		windSpeed, windDir, windOK, err := loadWindAt(db, s.ID, alias, bucket)
+		if err != nil {
+			if verbose {
+				log.Printf("站点 %s 瓦片@%s 读取风失败: %v", s.ID, t.DT.Format(time.RFC3339), err)
+			}
+			continue
+		}
+
+		vals, xs, ys, err := decodeTile(t)
+		if err != nil {
+			if verbose {
+				log.Printf("站点 %s 解码瓦片失败: %v", s.ID, err)
+			}
+			continue
+		}
+
+		for r := 0; r < len(vals); r++ {
+			row := vals[r]
+			lat := ys[r]
+			for c := 0; c < len(row); c++ {
+				v := row[c]
+				if v == nil {
+					continue
+				}
+				dbz := *v
+				lon := xs[c]
+				dist := haversine(s.Lat, s.Lon, lat, lon)
+
+				if dist <= 8000.0 {
+					if math.IsNaN(circleMax) || dbz > circleMax {
+						circleMax = dbz
+					}
+				}
+
+				if windOK && windSpeed > 0 {
+					brg := bearingDeg(s.Lat, s.Lon, lat, lon)
+					if angDiff(brg, windDir) <= 30.0 && dist <= windSpeed*3*3600 {
+						if math.IsNaN(sectorMax) || dbz > sectorMax {
+							sectorMax = dbz
+						}
+					}
+				}
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	return circleMax, sectorMax, !math.IsNaN(circleMax) || !math.IsNaN(sectorMax), nil
+}
+
+func listTiles(ctx context.Context, db *sql.DB, z, y, x int, from, to time.Time) ([]tileRec, error) {
+	const q = `
+        SELECT dt, width, height, west, south, east, north, res_deg, data
+        FROM radar_tiles
+        WHERE z=$1 AND y=$2 AND x=$3 AND dt >= $4 AND dt < $5
+        ORDER BY dt ASC`
+	rows, err := db.QueryContext(ctx, q, z, y, x, from, to)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	defer rows.Close()
+	var out []tileRec
+	for rows.Next() {
+		var r tileRec
+		if err := rows.Scan(&r.DT, &r.Width, &r.Height, &r.West, &r.South, &r.East, &r.North, &r.ResDeg, &r.Data); err == nil {
+			out = append(out, r)
+		}
+	}
+	return out, nil
+}
+
+func bucket10(t time.Time, loc *time.Location) time.Time {
+	tt := t.In(loc)
+	m := (tt.Minute() / 10) * 10
+	return time.Date(tt.Year(), tt.Month(), tt.Day(), tt.Hour(), m, 0, 0, loc)
+}
+
+func loadWindAt(db *sql.DB, stationID, alias string, dt time.Time) (speedMS float64, dirDeg float64, ok bool, err error) {
+	const q = `
+        SELECT wind_speed, wind_direction
+        FROM radar_weather
+        WHERE alias=$1 AND dt=$2
+        LIMIT 1`
+	tryAlias := func(a string) (float64, float64, bool, error) {
+		var s, d sql.NullFloat64
+		err := db.QueryRow(q, a, dt).Scan(&s, &d)
+		if err == sql.ErrNoRows {
+			return 0, 0, false, nil
+		}
+		if err != nil {
+			return 0, 0, false, err
+		}
+		if !s.Valid || !d.Valid {
+			return 0, 0, false, nil
+		}
+		return s.Float64, d.Float64, true, nil
+	}
+	if speed, dir, ok, err := tryAlias(stationID); err != nil {
+		return 0, 0, false, err
+	} else if ok {
+		return speed, dir, true, nil
+	}
+	return tryAlias(alias)
+}
+
+func decodeTile(t tileRec) (vals [][]*float64, xs []float64, ys []float64, err error) {
+	w, h := t.Width, t.Height
+	if w <= 0 || h <= 0 {
+		return nil, nil, nil, fmt.Errorf("非法尺寸")
+	}
+	if len(t.Data) < w*h*2 {
+		return nil, nil, nil, fmt.Errorf("数据长度不足")
+	}
+	xs = make([]float64, w)
+	for c := 0; c < w; c++ {
+		xs[c] = t.West + (float64(c)+0.5)*t.ResDeg
+	}
+	ys = make([]float64, h)
+	for r := 0; r < h; r++ {
+		ys[r] = t.South + (float64(r)+0.5)*t.ResDeg
+	}
+	vals = make([][]*float64, h)
+	off := 0
+	for r := 0; r < h; r++ {
+		row := make([]*float64, w)
+		for c := 0; c < w; c++ {
+			v := int16(binary.BigEndian.Uint16(t.Data[off : off+2]))
+			off += 2
+			if v >= 32766 {
+				row[c] = nil
+				continue
+			}
+			dbz := float64(v) / 10.0
+			if dbz < 0 {
+				dbz = 0
+			} else if dbz > 75 {
+				dbz = 75
+			}
+			value := dbz
+			row[c] = &value
+		}
+		vals[r] = row
+	}
+	return vals, xs, ys, nil
+}
+
+func haversine(lat1, lon1, lat2, lon2 float64) float64 {
+	const R = 6371000.0
+	dLat := toRad(lat2 - lat1)
+	dLon := toRad(lon2 - lon1)
+	a := math.Sin(dLat/2)*math.Sin(dLat/2) + math.Cos(toRad(lat1))*math.Cos(toRad(lat2))*math.Sin(dLon/2)*math.Sin(dLon/2)
+	c := 2 * math.Atan2(math.Sqrt(a), math.Sqrt(1-a))
+	return R * c
+}
+
+func bearingDeg(lat1, lon1, lat2, lon2 float64) float64 {
+	φ1 := toRad(lat1)
+	φ2 := toRad(lat2)
+	Δλ := toRad(lon2 - lon1)
+	y := math.Sin(Δλ) * math.Cos(φ2)
+	x := math.Cos(φ1)*math.Sin(φ2) - math.Sin(φ1)*math.Cos(φ2)*math.Cos(Δλ)
+	brg := toDeg(math.Atan2(y, x))
+	if brg < 0 {
+		brg += 360
+	}
+	return brg
+}
+
+func angDiff(a, b float64) float64 {
+	d := math.Mod(a-b+540, 360) - 180
+	if d < 0 {
+		d = -d
+	}
+	return math.Abs(d)
+}
+
+func toRad(d float64) float64 { return d * math.Pi / 180 }
+func toDeg(r float64) float64 { return r * 180 / math.Pi }
+
+func formatFloat(v float64, ok bool, digits int) string {
+	if !ok || math.IsNaN(v) {
+		return ""
+	}
+	format := fmt.Sprintf("%%.%df", digits)
+	return fmt.Sprintf(format, v)
+}
+
+func formatTime(t time.Time, ok bool) string {
+	if !ok || t.IsZero() {
+		return ""
+	}
+	return t.Format("2006-01-02 15:04:05")
+}
--- a/cmd/rainfetch/main.go
+++ b/cmd/rainfetch/main.go
@ -0,0 +1,227 @@
+package main
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"database/sql"
+	"flag"
+	"fmt"
+	"io"
+	"log"
+	"net/http"
+	"os"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"strings"
+	"time"
+
+	dbpkg "weatherstation/internal/database"
+	"weatherstation/internal/rain"
+)
+
+// 简单的小时雨量（CMPA）按时间范围下载器：
+// - 输入时间为北京时间（Asia/Shanghai）
+// - 构造下载路径使用 UTC（本地整点 -8h）
+// - 入库前通过 rain.StoreTileBytes 使用 URL 解析将 UTC 还原为北京时间并写库
+// 用法示例：
+//
+//	go run ./cmd/rainfetch --from "2025-10-07 09:00:00" --to "2025-10-07 11:00:00" \
+//	  --tiles "7/40/102,7/40/104" --outdir rain_data
+func main() {
+	var (
+		fromStr = flag.String("from", "", "起始时间（北京时间，YYYY-MM-DD HH:MM:SS 或 YYYY-MM-DD）")
+		toStr   = flag.String("to", "", "结束时间（北京时间，YYYY-MM-DD HH:MM:SS 或 YYYY-MM-DD）")
+		tiles   = flag.String("tiles", "7/40/102,7/40/104", "瓦片列表，逗号分隔，每项为 z/y/x，如 7/40/102")
+		outDir  = flag.String("outdir", "rain_data", "保存目录（同时也会写入数据库）")
+		baseURL = flag.String("base", "https://image.data.cma.cn/tiles/China/CMPA_RT_China_0P01_HOR-PRE_GISJPG_Tiles/%Y%m%d/%H/%M/{z}/{y}/{x}.bin", "下载基础URL模板（UTC路径时间）")
+		dryRun  = flag.Bool("dry", false, "仅打印将要下载的URL与目标，不实际下载写库")
+	)
+	flag.Parse()
+
+	if strings.TrimSpace(*fromStr) == "" || strings.TrimSpace(*toStr) == "" {
+		log.Fatalln("必须提供 --from 与 --to（北京时间）")
+	}
+
+	loc, _ := time.LoadLocation("Asia/Shanghai")
+	if loc == nil {
+		loc = time.FixedZone("CST", 8*3600)
+	}
+
+	parseCST := func(s string) (time.Time, error) {
+		s = strings.TrimSpace(s)
+		var t time.Time
+		var err error
+		if len(s) == len("2006-01-02") {
+			// 日期：按 00:00:00 处理
+			if tm, e := time.ParseInLocation("2006-01-02", s, loc); e == nil {
+				t = tm
+			} else {
+				err = e
+			}
+		} else {
+			t, err = time.ParseInLocation("2006-01-02 15:04:05", s, loc)
+		}
+		return t, err
+	}
+
+	start, err1 := parseCST(*fromStr)
+	end, err2 := parseCST(*toStr)
+	if err1 != nil || err2 != nil {
+		log.Fatalf("解析时间失败: from=%v to=%v", err1, err2)
+	}
+	if end.Before(start) {
+		log.Fatalln("结束时间需不小于起始时间")
+	}
+
+	// 小时步进（包含端点）：先对齐到小时
+	cur := start.Truncate(time.Hour)
+	end = end.Truncate(time.Hour)
+
+	// 解析 tiles 参数
+	type tcoord struct{ z, y, x int }
+	var tlist []tcoord
+	for _, part := range strings.Split(*tiles, ",") {
+		p := strings.TrimSpace(part)
+		if p == "" {
+			continue
+		}
+		var z, y, x int
+		if _, err := fmt.Sscanf(p, "%d/%d/%d", &z, &y, &x); err != nil {
+			log.Fatalf("无效的 tiles 项: %s", p)
+		}
+		tlist = append(tlist, tcoord{z, y, x})
+	}
+	if len(tlist) == 0 {
+		log.Fatalln("tiles 解析后为空")
+	}
+
+	if err := os.MkdirAll(*outDir, 0o755); err != nil {
+		log.Fatalf("创建输出目录失败: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	ctx := context.Background()
+	total := 0
+	success := 0
+	for !cur.After(end) {
+		// 本地整点（CST）→ UTC 路径时间
+		slotLocal := cur
+		slotUTC := slotLocal.Add(-8 * time.Hour).In(time.UTC)
+		dateStr := slotUTC.Format("20060102")
+		hh := slotUTC.Format("15")
+		mm := "00"
+		log.Printf("[rainfetch] 时次 local=%s, utc=%s", slotLocal.Format("2006-01-02 15:04"), slotUTC.Format("2006-01-02 15:04"))
+
+		for _, tc := range tlist {
+			total++
+			// 构造 URL
+			url := *baseURL
+			url = strings.ReplaceAll(url, "%Y%m%d", dateStr)
+			url = strings.ReplaceAll(url, "%H", hh)
+			url = strings.ReplaceAll(url, "%M", mm)
+			url = strings.ReplaceAll(url, "{z}", fmt.Sprintf("%d", tc.z))
+			url = strings.ReplaceAll(url, "{y}", fmt.Sprintf("%d", tc.y))
+			url = strings.ReplaceAll(url, "{x}", fmt.Sprintf("%d", tc.x))
+
+			fname := fmt.Sprintf("rain_z%d_y%d_x%d_%s.bin", tc.z, tc.y, tc.x, slotLocal.Format("20060102_1504"))
+			dest := filepath.Join(*outDir, fname)
+
+			if *dryRun {
+				log.Printf("[rainfetch] DRY url=%s -> %s", url, dest)
+				continue
+			}
+
+			// 若 DB 已有，则跳过
+			if ref, e := rain.ParseCMPATileURL(url); e == nil {
+				exists, e2 := databaseHas(ctx, ref.Product, ref.DT, tc.z, tc.y, tc.x)
+				if e2 == nil && exists {
+					log.Printf("[rainfetch] skip exists in DB z=%d y=%d x=%d dt=%s", tc.z, tc.y, tc.x, ref.DT.Format("2006-01-02 15:04"))
+					continue
+				}
+			}
+
+			if err := httpDownloadTo(ctx, url, dest); err != nil {
+				log.Printf("[rainfetch] 下载失败 z=%d y=%d x=%d: %v", tc.z, tc.y, tc.x, err)
+				continue
+			}
+			log.Printf("[rainfetch] 保存 %s", dest)
+
+			// 写库（使用 URL 解析 UTC → CST 后 upsert）
+			b, rerr := os.ReadFile(dest)
+			if rerr != nil {
+				log.Printf("[rainfetch] 读文件失败: %v", rerr)
+				continue
+			}
+			if err := rain.StoreTileBytes(ctx, url, b); err != nil {
+				log.Printf("[rainfetch] 入库失败: %v", err)
+				continue
+			}
+			success++
+		}
+		cur = cur.Add(1 * time.Hour)
+	}
+	log.Printf("[rainfetch] 完成：尝试 %d，成功 %d", total, success)
+}
+
+// 轻量 DB 存在性检查（避免引入内部 database 包到该命令）：
+// 为了避免循环依赖，这里复制一份最小 SQL 调用；实际工程也可抽取共享函数。
+// 但当前 repo 中 database.GetDB 在 internal/database 包内，雨量 API 直接使用它。
+
+// 注意：为保持最小侵入，这里通过 rain.StoreTileBytes 完成入库；
+// 仅在下载前进行“是否已存在”查询，避免重复下载。为此需要访问 internal/database。
+
+func databaseHas(ctx context.Context, product string, dt time.Time, z, y, x int) (bool, error) {
+	const q = `SELECT 1 FROM rain_tiles WHERE product=$1 AND dt=$2 AND z=$3 AND y=$4 AND x=$5 LIMIT 1`
+	var one int
+	err := dbpkg.GetDB().QueryRowContext(ctx, q, product, dt, z, y, x).Scan(&one)
+	if err == sql.ErrNoRows {
+		return false, nil
+	}
+	if err != nil {
+		return false, err
+	}
+	return true, nil
+}
+
+func httpDownloadTo(ctx context.Context, url, dest string) error {
+	client := &http.Client{Timeout: 20 * time.Second}
+	req, err := http.NewRequestWithContext(ctx, http.MethodGet, url, nil)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("build request: %w", err)
+	}
+	req.Header.Set("Referer", "https://data.cma.cn/")
+	req.Header.Set("Origin", "https://data.cma.cn")
+	req.Header.Set("User-Agent", "Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/137.0.0.0 Safari/537.36")
+	resp, err := client.Do(req)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("http get: %w", err)
+	}
+	defer resp.Body.Close()
+	if resp.StatusCode != http.StatusOK {
+		return fmt.Errorf("unexpected status: %d", resp.StatusCode)
+	}
+	tmp := dest + ".part"
+	f, err := os.Create(tmp)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("create temp: %w", err)
+	}
+	_, copyErr := io.Copy(f, resp.Body)
+	closeErr := f.Close()
+	if copyErr != nil {
+		_ = os.Remove(tmp)
+		return fmt.Errorf("write body: %w", copyErr)
+	}
+	if closeErr != nil {
+		_ = os.Remove(tmp)
+		return fmt.Errorf("close temp: %w", closeErr)
+	}
+	if err := os.Rename(tmp, dest); err != nil {
+		// Cross-device fallback
+		data, rerr := os.ReadFile(tmp)
+		if rerr != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("read temp: %w", rerr)
+		}
+		if werr := os.WriteFile(dest, data, 0o644); werr != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("write final: %w", werr)
+		}
+		_ = os.Remove(tmp)
+	}
+	return nil
+}
--- a/cmd/service-rain/main.go
+++ b/cmd/service-rain/main.go
@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+package main
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"log"
+	"os"
+	"os/signal"
+	"syscall"
+	"weatherstation/internal/rain"
+	"weatherstation/internal/server"
+)
+
+// service-rain: standalone CMPA hourly rain tile downloader
+// - Uses internal/rain scheduler with defaults
+// - Controlled by env vars in internal/rain (e.g., RAIN_ENABLED, RAIN_DIR, RAIN_BASE_URL)
+func main() {
+	server.SetupLogger()
+
+	ctx, stop := signal.NotifyContext(context.Background(), os.Interrupt, syscall.SIGTERM)
+	defer stop()
+
+	if err := rain.Start(ctx, rain.Options{StoreToDB: true}); err != nil {
+		log.Fatalf("service-rain start error: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	<-ctx.Done()
+	log.Println("service-rain shutting down")
+}
--- a/core/cmd/im_export_data/main.go
+++ b/core/cmd/im_export_data/main.go
@ -0,0 +1,235 @@
+package main
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"database/sql"
+	"encoding/csv"
+	"flag"
+	"fmt"
+	"log"
+	"os"
+	"strings"
+	"time"
+
+	"weatherstation/core/internal/data"
+)
+
+type actualHour struct {
+	HourEnd      time.Time
+	TempC        float64
+	HumidityPct  float64
+	PressureHpa  float64
+	WindSpeedMs  float64
+	WindDirDeg   float64
+	RainActualMM float64
+}
+
+func main() {
+	var stationID, startStr, endStr, providersCSV, outPath, tzName string
+	flag.StringVar(&stationID, "station", "", "站点ID，如 RS485-002A6E")
+	flag.StringVar(&startStr, "start", "", "开始时间，格式 2006-01-02 15:00")
+	flag.StringVar(&endStr, "end", "", "结束时间，格式 2006-01-02 15:00（开区间）")
+	flag.StringVar(&providersCSV, "providers", "caiyun,ec,wrf", "逗号分隔的预报源，默认 caiyun,ec,wrf")
+	flag.StringVar(&outPath, "out", "", "输出 CSV 文件路径；留空输出到 stdout")
+	flag.StringVar(&tzName, "tz", "Asia/Shanghai", "时区，例如 Asia/Shanghai")
+	flag.Parse()
+
+	if strings.TrimSpace(stationID) == "" || strings.TrimSpace(startStr) == "" || strings.TrimSpace(endStr) == "" {
+		log.Fatalf("用法: im_export_data --station RS485-XXXXXX --start '2024-08-01 00:00' --end '2024-08-02 00:00' [--providers caiyun,ec,wrf] [--out out.csv]")
+	}
+
+	loc, _ := time.LoadLocation(tzName)
+	if loc == nil {
+		loc = time.FixedZone("CST", 8*3600)
+	}
+	parse := func(s string) time.Time {
+		var t time.Time
+		var err error
+		for _, ly := range []string{"2006-01-02 15:04", "2006-01-02 15", "2006-01-02"} {
+			t, err = time.ParseInLocation(ly, s, loc)
+			if err == nil {
+				return t.Truncate(time.Hour)
+			}
+		}
+		log.Fatalf("无法解析时间: %s", s)
+		return time.Time{}
+	}
+	start := parse(startStr)
+	end := parse(endStr)
+	if !end.After(start) {
+		log.Fatalf("end 必须大于 start")
+	}
+
+	providers := splitCSV(providersCSV)
+	if len(providers) == 0 {
+		providers = []string{"caiyun"}
+	}
+
+	// Prepare writer
+	var out *csv.Writer
+	var file *os.File
+	if strings.TrimSpace(outPath) != "" {
+		f, err := os.Create(outPath)
+		if err != nil {
+			log.Fatalf("打开输出文件失败: %v", err)
+		}
+		defer f.Close()
+		out = csv.NewWriter(f)
+		file = f
+	} else {
+		out = csv.NewWriter(os.Stdout)
+	}
+	defer out.Flush()
+
+	// Header
+	header := []string{"station_id", "hour_end", "temp_c", "humidity_pct", "wind_dir_deg", "wind_speed_ms", "pressure_hpa", "rain_actual_mm"}
+	for _, p := range providers {
+		header = append(header, fmt.Sprintf("%s_lead1_rain_mm", p))
+		header = append(header, fmt.Sprintf("%s_lead2_rain_mm", p))
+		header = append(header, fmt.Sprintf("%s_lead3_rain_mm", p))
+	}
+	if err := out.Write(header); err != nil {
+		log.Fatalf("写入 CSV 失败: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	ctx := context.Background()
+	rows, err := loadActualHourly(ctx, stationID, start, end)
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Fatalf("查询实况失败: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	for _, row := range rows {
+		rec := []string{
+			stationID,
+			row.HourEnd.Format("2006-01-02 15:04:05"),
+			fmt.Sprintf("%.2f", row.TempC),
+			fmt.Sprintf("%.2f", row.HumidityPct),
+			fmt.Sprintf("%.2f", row.WindDirDeg),
+			fmt.Sprintf("%.3f", row.WindSpeedMs),
+			fmt.Sprintf("%.2f", row.PressureHpa),
+			fmt.Sprintf("%.3f", row.RainActualMM),
+		}
+		for _, p := range providers {
+			// For each lead 1..3, get rain for forecast_time = hour_end, latest issued_at for that lead
+			for lead := 1; lead <= 3; lead++ {
+				v, _ := loadProviderRainAt(ctx, stationID, p, row.HourEnd, lead)
+				if v < 0 {
+					rec = append(rec, "")
+				} else {
+					rec = append(rec, fmt.Sprintf("%.3f", v))
+				}
+			}
+		}
+		if err := out.Write(rec); err != nil {
+			log.Fatalf("写入 CSV 失败: %v", err)
+		}
+	}
+	out.Flush()
+	if err := out.Error(); err != nil {
+		log.Fatalf("写入 CSV 错误: %v", err)
+	}
+	if file != nil {
+		log.Printf("导出完成: %s，共 %d 行", outPath, len(rows))
+	}
+}
+
+func splitCSV(s string) []string {
+	parts := strings.Split(s, ",")
+	out := make([]string, 0, len(parts))
+	for _, p := range parts {
+		p = strings.TrimSpace(p)
+		if p != "" {
+			out = append(out, p)
+		}
+	}
+	return out
+}
+
+func loadActualHourly(ctx context.Context, stationID string, start, end time.Time) ([]actualHour, error) {
+	// Right-endpoint hourly aggregation from rs485_weather_10min
+	const q = `
+WITH base AS (
+  SELECT * FROM rs485_weather_10min
+  WHERE station_id = $1 AND bucket_start >= $2 AND bucket_start < $3
+), g AS (
+  SELECT date_trunc('hour', bucket_start) AS grp,
+         SUM(temp_c_x100 * sample_count)::bigint        AS w_temp,
+         SUM(humidity_pct * sample_count)::bigint       AS w_hum,
+         SUM(pressure_hpa_x100 * sample_count)::bigint  AS w_p,
+         SUM(solar_wm2_x100 * sample_count)::bigint     AS w_solar,
+         SUM(uv_index * sample_count)::bigint           AS w_uv,
+         SUM(wind_speed_ms_x1000 * sample_count)::bigint AS w_ws,
+         MAX(wind_gust_ms_x1000)                        AS gust_max,
+         SUM(sin(radians(wind_dir_deg)) * sample_count)::double precision AS sin_sum,
+         SUM(cos(radians(wind_dir_deg)) * sample_count)::double precision AS cos_sum,
+         SUM(rain_10m_mm_x1000)                         AS rain_sum,
+         SUM(sample_count)                              AS n_sum
+  FROM base GROUP BY 1
+)
+SELECT grp + interval '1 hour' AS hour_end,
+       (w_temp/NULLIF(n_sum,0))/100.0      AS temp_c,
+       (w_hum/NULLIF(n_sum,0))::double precision AS humidity_pct,
+       (w_p/NULLIF(n_sum,0))/100.0         AS pressure_hpa,
+       (w_ws/NULLIF(n_sum,0))/1000.0       AS wind_speed_ms,
+       CASE WHEN sin_sum IS NULL OR cos_sum IS NULL THEN NULL
+            ELSE (
+                CASE WHEN degrees(atan2(sin_sum, cos_sum)) < 0
+                     THEN degrees(atan2(sin_sum, cos_sum)) + 360
+                     ELSE degrees(atan2(sin_sum, cos_sum)) END)
+            END                             AS wind_dir_deg,
+       (rain_sum/1000.0)                   AS rain_mm
+FROM g
+ORDER BY hour_end`
+
+	rows, err := data.DB().QueryContext(ctx, q, stationID, start, end)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	defer rows.Close()
+	var out []actualHour
+	for rows.Next() {
+		var t time.Time
+		var ta, ua, pa, ws, dm, rain sql.NullFloat64
+		if err := rows.Scan(&t, &ta, &ua, &pa, &ws, &dm, &rain); err != nil {
+			continue
+		}
+		out = append(out, actualHour{
+			HourEnd:      t,
+			TempC:        nullF(ta),
+			HumidityPct:  nullF(ua),
+			PressureHpa:  nullF(pa),
+			WindSpeedMs:  nullF(ws),
+			WindDirDeg:   nullF(dm),
+			RainActualMM: nullF(rain),
+		})
+	}
+	return out, nil
+}
+
+// loadProviderRainAt returns rain(mm) for a provider at forecast_time=t with fixed lead, picking latest issued_at.
+func loadProviderRainAt(ctx context.Context, stationID, provider string, t time.Time, lead int) (float64, error) {
+	const q = `
+SELECT COALESCE(rain_mm_x1000,0)::bigint
+FROM (
+  SELECT rain_mm_x1000, issued_at,
+         CEIL(EXTRACT(EPOCH FROM ($3 - issued_at)) / 3600.0)::int AS lead_hours
+  FROM forecast_hourly
+  WHERE station_id=$1 AND provider=$2 AND forecast_time=$3
+) x
+WHERE lead_hours=$4
+ORDER BY issued_at DESC
+LIMIT 1`
+	var v int64
+	err := data.DB().QueryRowContext(ctx, q, stationID, provider, t, lead).Scan(&v)
+	if err != nil {
+		return -1, err
+	}
+	return float64(v) / 1000.0, nil
+}
+
+func nullF(n sql.NullFloat64) float64 {
+	if n.Valid {
+		return n.Float64
+	}
+	return 0
+}
--- a/core/cmd/service-alert/main.go
+++ b/core/cmd/service-alert/main.go
@ -0,0 +1,551 @@
+package main
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"database/sql"
+	"flag"
+	"fmt"
+	"log"
+	"math"
+	"sort"
+	"strings"
+	"time"
+
+	"weatherstation/core/internal/config"
+	"weatherstation/core/internal/data"
+	"weatherstation/core/internal/sms"
+)
+
+const (
+	providerForecast    = "imdroid_mix"
+	alertTypeForecast   = "forecast_3h_rain"
+	alertTypeActual30m  = "actual_30m_rain"
+	alertTypeNeighbor30 = "actual_30m_neighbor"
+	levelRed            = "red"
+	levelYellow         = "yellow"
+	forecastRedMM       = 8.0
+	forecastYellowMM    = 4.0
+	actualRedMM         = 4.0
+	actualYellowMM      = 2.0
+	halfAngleDeg        = 90.0
+	timeFormatShort     = "2006-01-02 15:04"
+	defaultCheckTimeout = 20 * time.Second
+)
+
+var (
+	flagOnce      bool
+	flagTest      bool
+	flagTestStIDs string
+	flagTestTime  string
+	flagWhy       bool
+)
+
+func main() {
+	flag.BoolVar(&flagOnce, "once", false, "run checks once immediately (no scheduling)")
+	flag.BoolVar(&flagTest, "test", false, "force alerts regardless of thresholds (for dry-run)")
+	flag.StringVar(&flagTestStIDs, "station", "", "comma-separated station_id list for test mode")
+	flag.StringVar(&flagTestTime, "time", "", "test mode: specify end time (YYYY-MM-DD HH:MM:SS, CST)")
+	flag.BoolVar(&flagWhy, "why", false, "in test mode, log reasons when alert not triggered")
+	flag.Parse()
+
+	cfg := config.Load()
+
+	scli := mustInitSMS(cfg)
+
+	if flagOnce {
+		tick := time.Now()
+		runForecastCheck(scli, tick)
+		runActualCheck(scli, tick)
+		runNeighborActualCheck(scli, tick)
+		return
+	}
+
+	go alignAndRunHour10(func(tick time.Time) { runForecastCheck(scli, tick) })
+	go alignAndRunHalfHour(func(tick time.Time) { runActualCheck(scli, tick) })
+	go alignAndRunHalfHour(func(tick time.Time) { runNeighborActualCheck(scli, tick) })
+
+	select {}
+}
+
+func mustInitSMS(cfg config.Config) *sms.Client {
+	cli, err := sms.New(sms.Config{
+		AccessKeyID:     strings.TrimSpace(cfg.SMS.AccessKeyID),
+		AccessKeySecret: strings.TrimSpace(cfg.SMS.AccessKeySecret),
+		SignName:        strings.TrimSpace(cfg.SMS.SignName),
+		TemplateCode:    strings.TrimSpace(cfg.SMS.TemplateCode),
+		Endpoint:        strings.TrimSpace(cfg.SMS.Endpoint),
+	})
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Printf("sms: disabled (%v)", err)
+		return nil
+	}
+	return cli
+}
+
+func alignAndRunHour10(fn func(tick time.Time)) {
+	now := time.Now()
+	base := time.Date(now.Year(), now.Month(), now.Day(), now.Hour(), 10, 0, 0, now.Location())
+	var next time.Time
+	if now.After(base) {
+		next = base.Add(time.Hour)
+	} else {
+		next = base
+	}
+	time.Sleep(time.Until(next))
+	for {
+		tick := time.Now().Truncate(time.Minute)
+		fn(tick)
+		time.Sleep(time.Hour)
+	}
+}
+
+func alignAndRunHalfHour(fn func(tick time.Time)) {
+	now := time.Now()
+	next := now.Truncate(30 * time.Minute).Add(30 * time.Minute)
+	time.Sleep(time.Until(next))
+	for {
+		tick := time.Now().Truncate(time.Minute)
+		fn(tick)
+		time.Sleep(30 * time.Minute)
+	}
+}
+
+func runForecastCheck(scli *sms.Client, tick time.Time) {
+	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), defaultCheckTimeout)
+	defer cancel()
+
+	stations := listFixedStations(ctx)
+	stations = filterStations(stations, flagTestStIDs)
+	if len(stations) == 0 {
+		log.Printf("forecast: no stations after filter")
+		return
+	}
+
+	recip := loadRecipients(ctx)
+	loc := mustShanghai()
+	now := tick.In(loc)
+	issued := time.Date(now.Year(), now.Month(), now.Day(), now.Hour(), 0, 0, 0, loc)
+	next1 := issued.Add(time.Hour)
+	next3 := issued.Add(3 * time.Hour)
+
+	for _, st := range stations {
+		points, err := data.ForecastRainAtIssued(ctx, st.ID, providerForecast, issued)
+		if err != nil {
+			log.Printf("forecast: query station=%s err=%v", st.ID, err)
+			continue
+		}
+		var redMax, yellowMax int64
+		for _, p := range points {
+			if p.ForecastTime.Before(next1) || p.ForecastTime.After(next3) {
+				continue
+			}
+			v := int64(p.RainMMx1000)
+			if v >= 8000 {
+				if v > redMax {
+					redMax = v
+				}
+			} else if v >= 4000 {
+				if v > yellowMax {
+					yellowMax = v
+				}
+			}
+		}
+		level := ""
+		value := 0.0
+		threshold := 0.0
+		if redMax > 0 {
+			level = levelRed
+			value = float64(redMax) / 1000.0
+			threshold = forecastRedMM
+		} else if yellowMax > 0 {
+			level = levelYellow
+			value = float64(yellowMax) / 1000.0
+			threshold = forecastYellowMM
+		}
+		if level == "" {
+			if !flagTest {
+				if flagWhy {
+					log.Printf("forecast why: station=%s no threshold hit redMax=%d yellowMax=%d", st.ID, redMax, yellowMax)
+				}
+				continue
+			}
+			level = levelYellow
+			value = forecastYellowMM
+			threshold = forecastYellowMM
+		}
+		if flagTest {
+			msg := fmt.Sprintf("【测试】站点%s 强制触发未来3小时降水预警 level=%s", st.Name, levelLabel(level))
+			targetPhones := recip.forLevel(level)
+			if len(targetPhones) == 0 {
+				recordAlert(ctx, alertTypeForecast, st.ID, level, issued, msg, sql.NullString{})
+			} else {
+				sendToPhones(ctx, scli, st.Name, value, level, issued, targetPhones, msg, alertTypeForecast, st.ID)
+			}
+			continue
+		}
+		msg := fmt.Sprintf("站点%s 未来3小时单小时最大降水 %.3fmm，达到%s阈值 %.1fmm，issued_at=%s", st.Name, value, levelLabel(level), threshold, issued.Format(timeFormatShort))
+		targetPhones := recip.forLevel(level)
+		if len(targetPhones) == 0 {
+			recordAlert(ctx, alertTypeForecast, st.ID, level, issued, msg, sql.NullString{})
+			continue
+		}
+		sendToPhones(ctx, scli, st.Name, value, level, issued, targetPhones, msg, alertTypeForecast, st.ID)
+	}
+}
+
+func runActualCheck(scli *sms.Client, tick time.Time) {
+	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), defaultCheckTimeout)
+	defer cancel()
+
+	stations := listFixedStations(ctx)
+	stations = filterStations(stations, flagTestStIDs)
+	if len(stations) == 0 {
+		log.Printf("actual: no stations after filter")
+		return
+	}
+
+	recip := loadRecipients(ctx)
+	loc := mustShanghai()
+	end := tick.In(loc)
+	if flagTestTime != "" {
+		if t, err := time.ParseInLocation("2006-01-02 15:04:05", flagTestTime, loc); err == nil {
+			end = t
+		}
+	}
+	start := end.Add(-30 * time.Minute)
+
+	for _, st := range stations {
+		rain, ok, err := data.SumRainMM(ctx, st.ID, start, end)
+		if err != nil {
+			log.Printf("actual: sum station=%s err=%v", st.ID, err)
+			continue
+		}
+		if flagWhy {
+			log.Printf("actual why: station=%s window=%s~%s rain_sum=%.3f ok=%v", st.ID, start.Format(timeFormatShort), end.Format(timeFormatShort), rain, ok)
+		}
+		if !ok {
+			if flagWhy {
+				log.Printf("actual why: station=%s no rain data", st.ID)
+			}
+			continue
+		}
+		level := ""
+		threshold := 0.0
+		if rain >= actualRedMM {
+			level = levelRed
+			threshold = actualRedMM
+		} else if rain >= actualYellowMM {
+			level = levelYellow
+			threshold = actualYellowMM
+		}
+		if level == "" {
+			if flagWhy {
+				log.Printf("actual why: station=%s rain=%.3f below threshold", st.ID, rain)
+			}
+			if !flagTest {
+				continue
+			}
+			level = levelYellow
+			threshold = actualYellowMM
+			rain = actualYellowMM
+		}
+		if flagTest {
+			msg := fmt.Sprintf("【测试】站点%s 强制触发30分钟降水预警 level=%s", st.Name, levelLabel(level))
+			targetPhones := recip.forLevel(level)
+			if len(targetPhones) == 0 {
+				recordAlert(ctx, alertTypeActual30m, st.ID, level, end, msg, sql.NullString{})
+			} else {
+				sendToPhones(ctx, scli, st.Name, rain, level, end, targetPhones, msg, alertTypeActual30m, st.ID)
+			}
+			continue
+		}
+		msg := fmt.Sprintf("站点%s 过去30分钟降水 %.3fmm，达到%s阈值 %.1fmm，窗口 %s - %s", st.Name, rain, levelLabel(level), threshold, start.Format(timeFormatShort), end.Format(timeFormatShort))
+		targetPhones := recip.forLevel(level)
+		if len(targetPhones) == 0 {
+			recordAlert(ctx, alertTypeActual30m, st.ID, level, end, msg, sql.NullString{})
+			log.Printf("actual: triggered station=%s level=%s rain=%.3f (no phones)", st.ID, level, rain)
+			continue
+		}
+		sendToPhones(ctx, scli, st.Name, rain, level, end, targetPhones, msg, alertTypeActual30m, st.ID)
+		log.Printf("actual: triggered station=%s level=%s rain=%.3f phones=%d", st.ID, level, rain, len(targetPhones))
+	}
+}
+
+func runNeighborActualCheck(scli *sms.Client, tick time.Time) {
+	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), defaultCheckTimeout)
+	defer cancel()
+
+	allStations := listFixedStations(ctx)
+	centers := filterStations(allStations, flagTestStIDs)
+	if len(centers) == 0 {
+		if flagWhy {
+			log.Printf("neighbor why: no stations after filter")
+		}
+		return
+	}
+
+	recip := loadRecipients(ctx)
+	loc := mustShanghai()
+	end := tick.In(loc)
+	if flagTestTime != "" {
+		if t, err := time.ParseInLocation("2006-01-02 15:04:05", flagTestTime, loc); err == nil {
+			end = t
+		}
+	}
+	start := end.Add(-30 * time.Minute)
+
+	for _, center := range centers {
+		if center.Latitude == 0 || center.Longitude == 0 {
+			if flagWhy {
+				log.Printf("neighbor why: center %s missing lat/lon", center.ID)
+			}
+			continue
+		}
+		wind, err := data.RadarWeatherNearest(center.Latitude, center.Longitude, end, 6*time.Hour)
+		if err != nil {
+			log.Printf("neighbor: wind query failed station=%s: %v", center.ID, err)
+			continue
+		}
+		if wind == nil || !wind.WindDirection.Valid || !wind.WindSpeed.Valid || wind.WindSpeed.Float64 <= 0.01 {
+			if flagWhy {
+				log.Printf("neighbor why: center %s no wind data", center.ID)
+			}
+			continue
+		}
+		dir := wind.WindDirection.Float64
+		spd := wind.WindSpeed.Float64
+		radius := spd * 3600
+		for _, nb := range allStations {
+			if nb.ID == center.ID {
+				continue
+			}
+			if nb.Latitude == 0 || nb.Longitude == 0 {
+				if flagWhy {
+					log.Printf("neighbor why: neighbor %s missing lat/lon", nb.ID)
+				}
+				continue
+			}
+			dist := haversine(center.Latitude, center.Longitude, nb.Latitude, nb.Longitude)
+			brg := bearingDeg(center.Latitude, center.Longitude, nb.Latitude, nb.Longitude)
+			diff := angDiff(brg, dir)
+			inSector := dist <= radius && diff <= halfAngleDeg
+			if !inSector {
+				if flagWhy {
+					log.Printf("neighbor why: center=%s neighbor=%s not in sector dist=%.1fm radius=%.1fm bearing=%.1f windFrom=%.1f diff=%.1f half=%.1f",
+						center.ID, nb.ID, dist, radius, brg, dir, diff, halfAngleDeg)
+				}
+				continue
+			}
+			rain, ok, err := data.SumRainMM(ctx, nb.ID, start, end)
+			if err != nil {
+				log.Printf("neighbor: sum rain station=%s err=%v", nb.ID, err)
+				continue
+			}
+			if flagWhy {
+				log.Printf("neighbor why: center=%s neighbor=%s window=%s~%s rain_sum=%.3f ok=%v", center.ID, nb.ID, start.Format(timeFormatShort), end.Format(timeFormatShort), rain, ok)
+			}
+			if !ok {
+				if flagWhy {
+					log.Printf("neighbor why: neighbor %s no rain data", nb.ID)
+				}
+				continue
+			}
+			level := ""
+			threshold := 0.0
+			if rain >= actualRedMM {
+				level = levelRed
+				threshold = actualRedMM
+			} else if rain >= actualYellowMM {
+				level = levelYellow
+				threshold = actualYellowMM
+			}
+			if level == "" {
+				if flagWhy {
+					log.Printf("neighbor why: neighbor %s rain=%.3f below threshold", nb.ID, rain)
+				}
+				continue
+			}
+			atype := alertTypeNeighbor30 + "_" + nb.ID
+			msg := fmt.Sprintf("站点%s 迎风扇区内站点%s 30分钟降水 %.3fmm，达到%s阈值 %.1fmm，窗口 %s - %s", center.Name, nb.Name, rain, levelLabel(level), threshold, start.Format(timeFormatShort), end.Format(timeFormatShort))
+			targetPhones := recip.forLevel(level)
+			if len(targetPhones) == 0 {
+				recordAlert(ctx, atype, center.ID, level, end, msg, sql.NullString{})
+				log.Printf("neighbor: center=%s neighbor=%s level=%s rain=%.3f (no phones)", center.ID, nb.ID, level, rain)
+				continue
+			}
+			sendToPhones(ctx, scli, center.Name, rain, level, end, targetPhones, msg, atype, center.ID)
+			log.Printf("neighbor: center=%s neighbor=%s level=%s rain=%.3f phones=%d", center.ID, nb.ID, level, rain, len(targetPhones))
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func recordAlert(ctx context.Context, alertType, stationID, level string, issuedAt time.Time, message string, phone sql.NullString) {
+	_, err := data.InsertAlert(ctx, data.AlertRecord{
+		AlertType: alertType,
+		StationID: stationID,
+		Level:     level,
+		IssuedAt:  issuedAt,
+		Message:   message,
+		SMSPhone:  phone,
+	})
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Printf("alert insert failed station=%s type=%s level=%s: %v", stationID, alertType, level, err)
+	}
+}
+
+type recipients struct {
+	red []string
+	yel []string
+}
+
+func (r recipients) forLevel(level string) []string {
+	if level == levelRed {
+		return r.red
+	}
+	if level == levelYellow {
+		return r.yel
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func loadRecipients(ctx context.Context) recipients {
+	list, err := data.ListEnabledSMSRecipients(ctx)
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Printf("sms: load recipients failed: %v", err)
+		return recipients{}
+	}
+	var res recipients
+	for _, r := range list {
+		if r.AlertLevel >= 1 {
+			res.red = append(res.red, r.Phone)
+		}
+		if r.AlertLevel >= 2 {
+			res.yel = append(res.yel, r.Phone)
+		}
+	}
+	return res
+}
+
+func sendToPhones(ctx context.Context, scli *sms.Client, stationName string, value float64, level string, issuedAt time.Time, phones []string, message string, alertType string, stationID string) {
+	if scli == nil {
+		return
+	}
+	name := "：" + stationName + "，"
+	content := format3(value) + " mm"
+	alertText := "【大礼村】暴雨"
+	if level == levelRed {
+		alertText += "红色预警"
+	} else {
+		alertText += "黄色预警"
+	}
+	for _, ph := range phones {
+		if err := scli.Send(ctx, name, content, alertText, "", []string{ph}); err != nil {
+			log.Printf("sms: send failed phone=%s station=%s level=%s: %v", ph, stationID, level, err)
+			continue
+		}
+		recordAlert(ctx, alertType, stationID, level, issuedAt, message, sql.NullString{String: ph, Valid: true})
+		log.Printf("sms: sent phone=%s station=%s level=%s", ph, stationID, level)
+	}
+}
+
+func format3(v float64) string {
+	s := fmt.Sprintf("%.3f", v)
+	s = strings.TrimRight(s, "0")
+	s = strings.TrimRight(s, ".")
+	if s == "" {
+		return "0"
+	}
+	return s
+}
+
+func mustShanghai() *time.Location {
+	loc, _ := time.LoadLocation("Asia/Shanghai")
+	if loc == nil {
+		loc = time.FixedZone("CST", 8*3600)
+	}
+	return loc
+}
+
+func levelLabel(level string) string {
+	if level == levelRed {
+		return "红色"
+	}
+	return "黄色"
+}
+
+func listFixedStations(ctx context.Context) []data.StationInfo {
+	ids := []string{"RS485-002964", "RS485-002A39", "RS485-0029CB"}
+	sts, err := data.ListStationsByIDs(ctx, ids)
+	if err != nil || len(sts) == 0 {
+		var out []data.StationInfo
+		for _, id := range ids {
+			out = append(out, data.StationInfo{ID: id, Name: id})
+		}
+		return out
+	}
+	// 保证顺序按 ids
+	order := make(map[string]int)
+	for i, id := range ids {
+		order[id] = i
+	}
+	sort.Slice(sts, func(i, j int) bool { return order[sts[i].ID] < order[sts[j].ID] })
+	return sts
+}
+
+func filterStations(in []data.StationInfo, filter string) []data.StationInfo {
+	f := strings.TrimSpace(filter)
+	if f == "" {
+		return in
+	}
+	parts := strings.Split(f, ",")
+	m := make(map[string]struct{}, len(parts))
+	for _, p := range parts {
+		p = strings.TrimSpace(p)
+		if p != "" {
+			m[p] = struct{}{}
+		}
+	}
+	if len(m) == 0 {
+		return in
+	}
+	var out []data.StationInfo
+	for _, st := range in {
+		if _, ok := m[st.ID]; ok {
+			out = append(out, st)
+		}
+	}
+	return out
+}
+
+func toRad(d float64) float64 { return d * math.Pi / 180 }
+func toDeg(r float64) float64 { return r * 180 / math.Pi }
+
+func haversine(lat1, lon1, lat2, lon2 float64) float64 {
+	const R = 6371000.0
+	dLat := toRad(lat2 - lat1)
+	dLon := toRad(lon2 - lon1)
+	a := math.Sin(dLat/2)*math.Sin(dLat/2) + math.Cos(toRad(lat1))*math.Cos(toRad(lat2))*math.Sin(dLon/2)*math.Sin(dLon/2)
+	c := 2 * math.Atan2(math.Sqrt(a), math.Sqrt(1-a))
+	return R * c
+}
+
+func bearingDeg(lat1, lon1, lat2, lon2 float64) float64 {
+	φ1 := toRad(lat1)
+	φ2 := toRad(lat2)
+	Δλ := toRad(lon2 - lon1)
+	y := math.Sin(Δλ) * math.Cos(φ2)
+	x := math.Cos(φ1)*math.Sin(φ2) - math.Sin(φ1)*math.Cos(φ2)*math.Cos(Δλ)
+	brg := toDeg(math.Atan2(y, x))
+	if brg < 0 {
+		brg += 360
+	}
+	return brg
+}
+
+func angDiff(a, b float64) float64 {
+	d := math.Mod(a-b+540, 360) - 180
+	if d < 0 {
+		d = -d
+	}
+	return math.Abs(d)
+}
--- a/core/frontend/src/main.ts
+++ b/core/frontend/src/main.ts
@ -422,7 +422,7 @@ export class AppComponent implements OnInit, AfterViewInit {
    } catch {}

    if (windDir != null && windSpd != null && windSpd > 0.01) {
-      const bearingTo = (windDir + 180) % 360; // 去向
+      const bearingTo = windDir;
      const hours = 3;
      const radius = windSpd * 3600 * hours; // m
      const half = 25; // 半角
--- a/core/internal/data/alerts.go
+++ b/core/internal/data/alerts.go
@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+package data
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"database/sql"
+	"time"
+)
+
+type AlertRecord struct {
+	AlertType string
+	StationID string
+	Level     string
+	IssuedAt  time.Time
+	Message   string
+	SMSPhone  sql.NullString
+}
+
+// InsertAlert writes one alert row; returns inserted id or 0 when skipped by conflict.
+func InsertAlert(ctx context.Context, ar AlertRecord) (int64, error) {
+	const q = `
+INSERT INTO alerts (alert_type, station_id, level, issued_at, message, sms_phone)
+VALUES ($1,$2,$3,$4,$5,$6)
+ON CONFLICT DO NOTHING
+RETURNING id`
+	var id int64
+	err := DB().QueryRowContext(ctx, q,
+		ar.AlertType,
+		ar.StationID,
+		ar.Level,
+		ar.IssuedAt,
+		ar.Message,
+		ar.SMSPhone,
+	).Scan(&id)
+	if err == sql.ErrNoRows {
+		return 0, nil
+	}
+	if err != nil {
+		return 0, err
+	}
+	return id, nil
+}
--- a/core/internal/data/rain.go
+++ b/core/internal/data/rain.go
@ -19,3 +19,17 @@ func FetchActualHourlyRain(ctx context.Context, stationID string, start, end tim
 	}
 	return float64(sum.Int64) / 1000.0, true, nil
 }
+
+// SumRainMM sums rain_10m_mm_x1000 over [start,end) and returns mm.
+func SumRainMM(ctx context.Context, stationID string, start, end time.Time) (float64, bool, error) {
+	const q = `SELECT SUM(rain_10m_mm_x1000) FROM rs485_weather_10min WHERE station_id=$1 AND bucket_start >= $2 AND bucket_start < $3`
+	var sum sql.NullInt64
+	err := DB().QueryRowContext(ctx, q, stationID, start, end).Scan(&sum)
+	if err != nil {
+		return 0, false, err
+	}
+	if !sum.Valid {
+		return 0, false, nil
+	}
+	return float64(sum.Int64) / 1000.0, true, nil
+}
--- a/core/internal/data/station.go
+++ b/core/internal/data/station.go
@ -3,6 +3,8 @@ package data
 import (
 	"context"
 	"database/sql"
+	"fmt"
+	"strings"
 )

 // GetStationName returns stations.name by station_id; empty string if not found/null.
@ -21,3 +23,88 @@ func GetStationName(ctx context.Context, stationID string) (string, error) {
 	}
 	return "", nil
 }
+
+// StationInfo contains minimal fields for alert checks.
+type StationInfo struct {
+	ID        string
+	Name      string
+	Location  string
+	Latitude  float64
+	Longitude float64
+	Altitude  float64
+}
+
+// ListEligibleStations returns WH65LP stations with required non-empty fields.
+func ListEligibleStations(ctx context.Context) ([]StationInfo, error) {
+	const q = `
+SELECT
+  station_id,
+  COALESCE(NULLIF(BTRIM(name), ''), station_id) AS name,
+  location,
+  latitude::float8,
+  longitude::float8,
+  altitude::float8
+FROM stations
+WHERE
+  device_type = 'WH65LP' AND
+  name IS NOT NULL AND BTRIM(name) <> '' AND
+  location IS NOT NULL AND BTRIM(location) <> '' AND
+  latitude IS NOT NULL AND latitude <> 0 AND
+  longitude IS NOT NULL AND longitude <> 0 AND
+  altitude IS NOT NULL AND altitude <> 0`
+
+	rows, err := DB().QueryContext(ctx, q)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	defer rows.Close()
+
+	var out []StationInfo
+	for rows.Next() {
+		var st StationInfo
+		if err := rows.Scan(&st.ID, &st.Name, &st.Location, &st.Latitude, &st.Longitude, &st.Altitude); err != nil {
+			continue
+		}
+		out = append(out, st)
+	}
+	return out, nil
+}
+
+// ListStationsByIDs returns stations by a given id list (ignores missing ones).
+func ListStationsByIDs(ctx context.Context, ids []string) ([]StationInfo, error) {
+	if len(ids) == 0 {
+		return nil, nil
+	}
+	var placeholders []string
+	args := make([]interface{}, 0, len(ids))
+	for i, id := range ids {
+		placeholders = append(placeholders, fmt.Sprintf("$%d", i+1))
+		args = append(args, id)
+	}
+	q := fmt.Sprintf(`
+SELECT
+  station_id,
+  COALESCE(NULLIF(BTRIM(name), ''), station_id) AS name,
+  location,
+  latitude::float8,
+  longitude::float8,
+  altitude::float8
+FROM stations
+WHERE station_id IN (%s)`, strings.Join(placeholders, ","))
+
+	rows, err := DB().QueryContext(ctx, q, args...)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	defer rows.Close()
+
+	var out []StationInfo
+	for rows.Next() {
+		var st StationInfo
+		if err := rows.Scan(&st.ID, &st.Name, &st.Location, &st.Latitude, &st.Longitude, &st.Altitude); err != nil {
+			continue
+		}
+		out = append(out, st)
+	}
+	return out, nil
+}
--- a/db/migrations/02.sql
+++ b/db/migrations/02.sql
@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+-- 02.sql: create simple users table
+CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS users (
+    username TEXT PRIMARY KEY,
+    password TEXT NOT NULL, -- bcrypt hash
+    created_at TIMESTAMPTZ NOT NULL DEFAULT NOW()
+);
+
--- a/db/migrations/03.sql
+++ b/db/migrations/03.sql
@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+-- 03.sql: recipients for SMS alerts
+-- Table to store phone numbers, enabled flag, and alert level (1=red only, 2=yellow+red)
+-- PostgreSQL has no native unsigned int; use integer with CHECK constraints.
+CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS sms_recipients (
+    phone        TEXT PRIMARY KEY,
+    enabled      BOOLEAN NOT NULL DEFAULT TRUE,
+    alert_level  INTEGER NOT NULL DEFAULT 2 CHECK (alert_level >= 1)
+);
+
--- a/db/migrations/04_sms_recipients_seed_20251125.sql
+++ b/db/migrations/04_sms_recipients_seed_20251125.sql
@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+-- 04_sms_recipients_seed_20251125.sql: add/update specific SMS recipients
+-- Sets enabled = FALSE and alert_level = 1 for listed phone numbers.
+-- Idempotent via ON CONFLICT on primary key (phone).
+
+INSERT INTO sms_recipients (phone, enabled, alert_level) VALUES
+  ('13114458208', FALSE, 1),
+  ('13986807953', FALSE, 1),
+  ('13207210509', FALSE, 1),
+  ('13886680872', FALSE, 1),
+  ('13477172662', FALSE, 1),
+  ('13177094329', FALSE, 1),
+  ('13165617999', FALSE, 1),
+  ('13217179901', FALSE, 1),
+  ('18571017120', FALSE, 1),
+  ('18674205345', FALSE, 1),
+  ('18871769640', FALSE, 1),
+  ('15587930225', FALSE, 1),
+  ('13545715958', FALSE, 1),
+  ('15629386907', FALSE, 1),
+  ('15971633321', FALSE, 1),
+  ('15671074991', FALSE, 1),
+  ('18727254175', FALSE, 1),
+  ('13477108587', FALSE, 1),
+  ('15897521649', FALSE, 1)
+ON CONFLICT (phone) DO UPDATE SET
+  enabled = EXCLUDED.enabled,
+  alert_level = EXCLUDED.alert_level;
+
--- a/db/migrations/05_alerts.sql
+++ b/db/migrations/05_alerts.sql
@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+-- 05_alerts.sql: table for alerts/warnings
+CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS alerts (
+    id          BIGSERIAL PRIMARY KEY,
+    alert_type  TEXT        NOT NULL,
+    station_id  VARCHAR(50) NOT NULL,
+    level       VARCHAR(10) NOT NULL CHECK (level IN ('yellow', 'red')),
+    issued_at   TIMESTAMPTZ NOT NULL,
+    message     TEXT,
+    sms_phone   TEXT,
+    created_at  TIMESTAMPTZ NOT NULL DEFAULT now()
+);
+
+-- One record per alert event (no SMS stored)
+CREATE UNIQUE INDEX IF NOT EXISTS alerts_uniq_event
+    ON alerts (alert_type, station_id, issued_at, level)
+    WHERE sms_phone IS NULL;
+
+-- One record per phone recipient
+CREATE UNIQUE INDEX IF NOT EXISTS alerts_uniq_phone
+    ON alerts (alert_type, station_id, issued_at, level, sms_phone)
+    WHERE sms_phone IS NOT NULL;
+
+CREATE INDEX IF NOT EXISTS alerts_station_idx ON alerts (station_id);
Author	SHA1	Message	Date
yarnom	6d276b1760	feat: 新增告警	2025-12-05 09:22:23 +08:00
yarnom	2c2d5232f8	feat: 新增一些辅助的代码	2025-12-03 11:30:13 +08:00