---
id: 0e4f5039-4c89-4465-a8bb-116ac188dd1b
slug: linux-process-learning-1
title: Linux 进程学习 一
summary: ""
status: published
tags: []
cover: ""
version: 1
slug_source: manual
slug_locked: true
published_at: "2022-10-16T15:54:11+08:00"
created_at: "2022-10-16T15:54:11+08:00"
updated_at: "2026-01-07T18:10:40+08:00"
---

## 什么是进程？
在了解进程的时候，首先得知道什么是程序。
操作系统其实学过，程序被执行时，操作系统将可执行文件复制到内存中，这就是程序，而进程则是程序的实例，是系统资源分配的基本单位，它被唯一标识于 PCB 之中，也就是进程控制块。

## ps 命令 查看进程
>Note that ps -aux is distinct from ps aux.  The POSIX and UNIX standards require that ps -aux print all processes owned by a user named x, as well as printing all processes that would be selected by the -a option.  If the user named x does not exist, this ps may
 interpret the command as ps aux instead and print a warning.  This behavior is intended to aid in transitioning old scripts and habits. It is fragile, subject to change, and thus should not be relied upon.

>To see every process on the system using BSD syntax:
          ps ax
          ps axu

也就是说，我们可以通过 **ps axu** 来查看系统中的进程

## top 命令 查看进程
> The  top program provides a dynamic real-time view of a running system.

这个命令显示的进程状态是动态更新的。
以下是常用命令：
- q：退出top命令
- <Space>：立即刷新
- s：设置刷新时间间隔
- t：显示或隐藏进程和CPU状态信息
- m：显示或隐藏内存状态信息
- P：按%CPU使用率排行
- M：按%MEM排行
- u：指定显示用户进程
- k：kill进程
- i：只显示正在运行的进程
- h：帮助命令。